View source for Blade Runner

{{Short description|1982 science fiction film by Ridley Scott}}
{{About|the 1982 film|the franchise based on the film |Blade Runner (franchise)||Blade Runner (disambiguation)}}
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{{Use American English|date=December 2023}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Blade Runner
| image          = Blade Runner (1982 poster).png
| alt            = Collage of a man holding a gun, a woman holding a cigarette, and a futuristic city-scape.
| caption        = Theatrical release poster by [[John Alvin]]
| director       = [[Ridley Scott]]
| producer       = [[Michael Deeley]]
| writer         = 
| screenplay     = {{unbulleted list|[[Hampton Fancher]]|[[David Peoples]]}}
| based_on       = {{Based on|''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]''|[[Philip K. Dick]]}}
| starring       = {{Plain list|<!-- Per billing block in the film poster -->
* [[Harrison Ford]]
* [[Rutger Hauer]]
* [[Sean Young]]
* [[Edward James Olmos]]
}}
| music          = [[Vangelis]]
| cinematography = [[Jordan Cronenweth]]
| editing        = {{unbulleted list|[[Terry Rawlings]]|Marsha Nakashima}}
| studio         = {{unbulleted list|[[The Ladd Company]]|[[Shaw Brothers]]|Blade Runner Partnership}}
| distributor    = [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]] (worldwide)<br />Shaw Brothers (Hong Kong)
| released       = {{Film date|1982|06|25|United States|1982|12|22|Hong Kong}}
| runtime        = 117 minutes<!-- First theatrical run, not the later Director's or Final Cut --><!-- Theatrical runtime: 117:04 --><ref name=bbfcoriginal />
| country        = United States<ref>{{cite web |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/68260-BLADE-RUNNER?sid=8a7ed183-727e-4335-9da7-16ffd47b588f&sr=34.601395&cp=1&pos=0 |website=AFI.com |publisher=[[American Film Institute]] |title=Blade Runner |access-date=December 3, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151106110252/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=68260 |archive-date=November 6, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk//whats-on/bfi-film-releases/blade-runner-final-cut |website=BFI.org |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |title=Blade Runner |access-date=December 3, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151206122316/http://www.bfi.org.uk/whats-on/bfi-film-releases/blade-runner-final-cut |archive-date=December 6, 2015}}</ref><br />Hong Kong<ref name=bfi.org.uk>{{cite web |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b69ac89d8 |title=Blade Runner (1982) |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=April 26, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170215022709/http://www.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b69ac89d8 |archive-date=February 15, 2017 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
| language       = English
| budget         = $30&nbsp;million<ref>{{cite web |first=Tim |last=Gray |url=https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705010740/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ |title='Blade Runner' Turns 35: Ridley Scott's Unloved Film That Became a Classic |website=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date=June 24, 2017 |archive-date=July 5, 2017 |access-date=July 31, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| gross          = $41.8&nbsp;million<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0083658/ |title=Blade Runner (1982) |website=[[Box Office Mojo]] |access-date=February 3, 2024 |archive-date=May 15, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200515161512/https://www.boxofficemojo.com/title/tt0083658/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

'''''Blade Runner''''' is a 1982 <!-- Do not add Neo-noir here, only the primary genre should be listed, which is science fiction. Neo-noir is detailed later in the article. -->[[science fiction film]] directed by [[Ridley Scott]], and written by [[Hampton Fancher]] and [[David Peoples]].<ref name="LAT-19920913">{{cite news |last=Turan |first=Kenneth |title=From the Archives: 'Blade Runner' went from Harrison Ford's 'miserable' production to Ridley Scott's unicorn scene, ending as a cult classic |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-blade-runner-2-turan-19920913-story.html |date=September 13, 1992 |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205013633/https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-et-mn-blade-runner-2-turan-19920913-story.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GZM-20210204">{{cite news |last=Lussier |first=German |title=The Mistake That Changed the History of Blade Runner |url=https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-mistake-that-changed-the-history-of-blade-runner-1846198955 |date=February 4, 2021 |work=[[Gizmodo]] |access-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-date=February 5, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210205010545/https://io9.gizmodo.com/the-mistake-that-changed-the-history-of-blade-runner-1846198955 |url-status=live}}</ref> Starring [[Harrison Ford]], [[Rutger Hauer]], [[Sean Young]], and [[Edward James Olmos]], it is an adaptation of [[Philip K. Dick]]'s 1968 novel ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'' The film is set in a [[dystopia]]n future Los Angeles of 2019, in which [[android (robot)|synthetic humans]] known as ''[[replicant]]s'' are [[bio-engineered]] by the powerful Tyrell Corporation to work on [[space colonization|space colonies]]. When a fugitive group of advanced replicants led by [[Roy Batty]] (Hauer) escapes back to Earth, burnt-out cop [[Rick Deckard]] (Ford) reluctantly agrees to hunt them down.

''Blade Runner'' initially underperformed in North American theaters and polarized critics; some praised its thematic complexity and visuals, while others critiqued its slow pacing and lack of action. The [[Blade Runner (soundtrack)|film's soundtrack]], composed by [[Vangelis]], was nominated in 1982 for [[36th British Academy Film Awards|a BAFTA]] and [[40th Golden Globe Awards|a Golden Globe]] as best original [[film score|score]]. ''Blade Runner'' later became a [[cult film]], and has since come to be regarded as one of the [[List of films considered the best#Science fiction|greatest science fiction films]]. Hailed for its production design depicting a [[high-tech]] but decaying future, the film is often regarded as both a leading example of [[neo-noir]] cinema as well as a foundational work of the [[cyberpunk]]<ref name="Torres Cruz 2014" /> genre. It has influenced many science fiction films, [[Blade Runner (franchise)#Video games|video games]], [[anime]], and television series. It also brought the work of Dick to Hollywood's attention and led to [[List of adaptations of works by Philip K. Dick|several film adaptations of his works]]. In 1993, it was selected for preservation in the [[National Film Registry]] by the [[Library of Congress]].

Seven different [[versions of Blade Runner|versions of ''Blade Runner'']] exist as a result of controversial changes requested by studio executives. A [[director's cut]] was released in 1992 after a strong response to test screenings of a [[workprint]]. This, in conjunction with the film's popularity as a video rental, made it one of the earliest movies to be released on [[DVD]]. In 2007, [[Warner Bros.]]&nbsp;released ''[[Versions of Blade Runner#The Final Cut (2007)|The Final Cut]]'', a 25th-anniversary digitally remastered version; this is the only version over which Scott retained artistic control. The film is the first of [[Blade Runner (franchise)|the franchise of the same name]]. A sequel, titled ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', was released in 2017 alongside a trilogy of short films covering the thirty-year span between the two films' settings. The anime series ''[[Blade Runner: Black Lotus]]'' was released in 2021.
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== Plot ==
{{Hatnote|Note: Since there are several versions of ''Blade Runner'', this summary excludes version-specific events. See the [[Versions of Blade Runner|Versions of ''Blade Runner'']] article for discussion of version-specific plot elements.}}
<!-- Note: The plot summary serves as an overview of the film's events. Per WP:FILMPLOT, the word count in this section should be 400-700 words. -->

In 2019 Los Angeles, former police officer [[Rick Deckard]] is detained by Officer [[List of Blade Runner characters#Gaff|Gaff]], who likes to make [[origami]] figures, and is brought to his former supervisor, [[List of Blade Runner characters#Harry Bryant|Bryant]]. Deckard, whose job as a "blade runner" was to track down bioengineered humanoids known as [[replicant]]s and terminally "retire" them, is informed that four replicants are on Earth illegally. Deckard begins to leave, but Bryant ambiguously threatens him and Deckard stays. The two watch a video of a blade runner named [[List of Blade Runner characters#Dave Holden|Holden]] administering the Voight-Kampff test, which is designed to distinguish replicants from humans based on their emotional responses to questions. The test subject, [[Leon Kowalski|Leon]], shoots Holden on the second question. Bryant wants Deckard to retire Leon and three other Nexus-6 replicants: [[List of Blade Runner characters#Roy Batty|Roy Batty]], [[Characters in Blade Runner#Zhora Salome|Zhora]], and [[List of Blade Runner characters#Pris Stratton|Pris]].

Bryant has Deckard meet with the CEO of the company that creates the replicants, [[List of Blade Runner characters#Dr. Eldon Tyrell|Eldon Tyrell]], so he can administer the test on a Nexus-6 to see if it works. Tyrell expresses his interest in seeing the test fail first and asks him to administer it on his assistant [[List of Blade Runner characters#Rachael|Rachael]]. After a much longer than standard test, Deckard concludes privately to Tyrell that Rachael is a replicant who believes she is human. Tyrell explains that she is an experiment who has been given false memories to provide an "emotional cushion", and that she has no knowledge of her true nature.

In searching Leon's hotel room, Deckard finds photos and a scale from the skin of an animal, which is later identified as a synthetic snake scale. Deckard returns to his apartment where Rachael is waiting. She tries to prove her humanity by showing him a family photo, but Deckard reveals that her memories are implants from Tyrell's niece, and she leaves in tears.

Replicants Roy and Leon meanwhile investigate a replicant eye-manufacturing laboratory and learn of [[List of Blade Runner characters#J.F. Sebastian|J. F. Sebastian]], a gifted genetic designer who works closely with Tyrell. Pris locates Sebastian and manipulates him to gain his trust.

A photograph from Leon's apartment and the snake scale lead Deckard to a strip club, where Zhora works. After a confrontation and chase, Deckard kills Zhora. Bryant also orders him to retire Rachael, who has disappeared from the Tyrell Corporation. Deckard spots Rachael in a crowd, but he is ambushed by Leon, who knocks the gun out of Deckard's hand and beats him. As Leon is about to kill Deckard, Rachael saves him by using Deckard's gun to kill Leon. They return to Deckard's apartment and, during a discussion, he promises not to track her down. As Rachael abruptly tries to leave, Deckard restrains her and forces her to kiss him, and she ultimately relents. Deckard leaves Rachael at his apartment and departs to search for the remaining replicants.

Roy arrives at Sebastian's apartment and tells Pris that the other replicants are dead. Sebastian reveals that because of a genetic [[premature aging]] disorder, his life will be cut short, like the replicants that were built with a four-year lifespan. Roy uses Sebastian to gain entrance to Tyrell's penthouse. He demands more life from his maker, which Tyrell says is impossible. Roy confesses that he has done "questionable things" but Tyrell dismisses this, praising Roy's advanced design and accomplishments in his short life. Roy kisses Tyrell and then kills him by crushing his skull. Sebastian tries to flee and is later reported dead.{{#tag:ref|Sebastian's death was never shot because of concerns over too much violence in the film.{{sfn|Sammon|p=175}}|group=nb}}

At Sebastian's apartment, Deckard is ambushed by Pris, but he kills her as Roy returns. Roy's body begins to fail as the end of his lifespan nears. He chases Deckard through the building and onto the roof. Deckard tries to jump onto another roof but is left hanging on the edge. Roy makes the jump with ease and, as Deckard's grip loosens, Roy hoists him onto the roof to save him. Before Roy dies, he laments that his memories "[[Tears in rain monologue|will be lost in time, like tears in rain]]". Gaff arrives to congratulate Deckard, also reminding him that Rachael will not live, but "then again, who does?" Deckard returns to his apartment to retrieve Rachael. While escorting her to the elevator, he notices a small origami [[unicorn]] on the floor. He recalls Gaff's words and departs with Rachael.

== Cast ==
{{cast listing|
*[[Harrison Ford]] as [[Rick Deckard]]
*[[Rutger Hauer]] as Roy Batty
*[[Sean Young]] as Rachael
*[[Edward James Olmos]] as Gaff
*[[M. Emmet Walsh]] as Bryant
*[[Daryl Hannah]] as Pris
*[[William Sanderson]] as J.F. Sebastian
*[[Brion James]] as Leon Kowalski
*[[Joe Turkel]] as Eldon Tyrell
*[[Joanna Cassidy]] as Zhora Salome
*[[James Hong]] as Hannibal Chew
*[[Morgan Paull]] as Dave Holden
*[[Hy Pyke]] as Taffey Lewis
}}

== Production ==
=== Development ===

[[File:Blade Runner - Ridleyville Map - Version in English and JPEG format.jpg|thumb|alt=Map of Ridleyville|Map of Ridleyville, exterior sets for ''Blade Runner'' located on the New York Street of the Warner Bros. Studios lot ([[Burbank, California]])]]

{{Anchor|Writing|Development}}

Interest in adapting [[Philip K. Dick]]'s novel ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'' developed shortly after its 1968 publication. Director [[Martin Scorsese]] was interested in filming the novel, but never [[option (filmmaking)|optioned]] it.{{Sfnm|1a1=Bukatman|1p=13|2a1=Sammon|2p=23}} Producer [[Herb Jaffe]] optioned it in the early 1970s, but Dick was unimpressed with the screenplay written by Herb's son [[Robert Jaffe (producer)|Robert]], saying, "Jaffe's screenplay was so terribly done&nbsp;... Robert flew down to Santa Ana to speak with me about the project. And the first thing I said to him when he got off the plane was, 'Shall I beat you up here at the airport, or shall I beat you up back at my apartment?{{' "}}<ref>Dick quoted in {{harvnb|Sammon|p=23}}</ref>

The screenplay by [[Hampton Fancher]]<!-- Not titled "Android" initially&nbsp;– See Sammon, pp. 32 and 38 for explanation --> was optioned in 1977.{{sfn|Sammon|p=23–30}} Producer [[Michael Deeley]] became interested in Fancher's draft and convinced director Ridley Scott to film it. Scott had previously declined the project, but after leaving the slow production of ''[[Dune (1984 film)|Dune]]'', wanted a faster-paced project to take his mind off his older brother's recent death.{{sfn|Sammon|p=43–49}} He joined the project on February 21, 1980, and managed to push up the promised [[Filmways]] financing from US$13&nbsp;million to $15&nbsp;million. Fancher's script focused more on environmental issues and less on issues of humanity and religion, which are prominent in the novel, and Scott wanted changes. Fancher found a cinema treatment by [[William S. Burroughs]] for [[Alan E. Nourse]]'s novel ''[[The Bladerunner]]'' (1974), titled ''[[Blade Runner (a movie)]]''.{{refn|Some editions of Nourse's novel use the two-word spacing ''Blade Runner'', as does the Burroughs book.|group=nb}} Scott liked the name, so Deeley obtained the rights to the titles.<ref>Abraham Riesman,
[https://www.vulture.com/2017/10/why-is-blade-runner-the-title-of-blade-runner.html "Digging Into the Odd History of Blade Runner's Title"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171010170059/http://www.vulture.com/2017/10/why-is-blade-runner-the-title-of-blade-runner.html |date=October 10, 2017 }}, Vulture, October 4, 2017. Retrieved October 10, 2017.</ref> Eventually, he hired [[David Peoples]] to rewrite the script and Fancher left the job over the issue on December 21, 1980, although he later returned to contribute additional rewrites.{{sfn|Sammon|p=49–63}}

Having invested over $2.5&nbsp;million in pre-production,{{sfn|Sammon|p=49}} as the date of commencement of principal photography neared, Filmways withdrew financial backing. In ten days Deeley had secured $21.5&nbsp;million in financing through a three-way deal between [[the Ladd Company]] (through Warner Bros.), the Hong Kong-based producer [[Run Run Shaw|Sir Run Run Shaw]] and [[Tandem Productions]].{{Sfnm|1a1=Bukatman|1p=18–19|2a1=Sammon|2p=64–67}}

Dick became concerned that no one had informed him about the film's production, which added to his distrust of Hollywood.{{sfn|Sammon|p=63–64}} After Dick criticized an early version of Fancher's script in an article written for the Los Angeles ''Select TV Guide'', the studio sent Dick the Peoples rewrite.{{sfn|Sammon|p=67–69}} Although Dick died shortly before the film's release, he was pleased with the rewritten script and with a 20-minute special effects test reel that was screened for him when he was invited to the studio. Despite his well-known skepticism of Hollywood in principle, Dick enthused to Scott that the world created for the film looked exactly as he had imagined it.{{sfn|Sammon|p=284}} He said, "I saw a segment of [[Douglas Trumbull]]'s special effects for ''Blade Runner'' on the [[KNBC]] news. I recognized it immediately. It was my own interior world. They caught it perfectly." He also approved of the film's script, saying, "After I finished reading the screenplay, I got the novel out and looked through it. The two reinforce each other so that someone who started with the novel would enjoy the movie and someone who started with the movie would enjoy the novel."<ref name="Dick's final interview">{{citation |last=Boonstra |first=John |title=A final interview with science fiction's boldest visionary, who talks candidly about ''Blade Runner'', inner voices and the temptations of Hollywood |work=[[Rod Serling's the Twilight Zone Magazine]] |via=Philip K. Dick |volume=2 |issue=3 |date=June 1982 |pages=47–52 |url=http://www.philipkdick.com/media_twilightzone.html |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130528112644/http://www.philipkdick.com/media_twilightzone.html |archive-date=May 28, 2013}}</ref> The motion picture was dedicated to Dick.<ref>Blade Runner film, dedication after credits, 1:51:30</ref> Principal photography of ''Blade Runner'' began on March 9, 1981, and ended four months later.{{sfn|Sammon|p=98}}

In 1992, Ford revealed, "''Blade Runner'' is not one of my favorite films. I tangled with Ridley."{{sfn|Sammon|p=211}} Apart from friction with the director, Ford also disliked the [[voice-over|voiceovers]]: "When we started shooting it had been tacitly agreed that the version of the film that we had agreed upon was the version without voiceover narration. It was a {{sic|f**king|expected=fucking}} nightmare. I thought that the film had worked without the narration. But now I was stuck re-creating that narration. And I was obliged to do the voiceovers for people that did not represent the director's interests."<ref name="BladeRunnerNightmare">{{citation |date=July 5, 2007 |url=http://www.moono.com/news/news05091.html |title=Ford: 'Blade Runner Was a Nightmare' |work=Moono.com |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120224041915/http://www.moono.com/news/news05091.html |archive-date=February 24, 2012}}</ref> "I went kicking and screaming to the studio to record it."{{sfn|Sammon|p=296}} The narration monologs were written by an uncredited [[Roland Kibbee]].<ref>{{citation |first=Rebecca |last=Pahle |title=10 Fascinating Facts About ''Blade Runner'' |date=August 28, 2015 |work=[[Mental Floss]] |url=http://mentalfloss.com/article/67956/10-fascinating-facts-about-blade-runner |access-date=March 24, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150829215058/http://mentalfloss.com/article/67956/10-fascinating-facts-about-blade-runner |archive-date=August 29, 2015}}</ref>

In 2006, Scott was asked "Who's the biggest pain in the arse you've ever worked with?" He replied: "It's got to be Harrison&nbsp;... he'll forgive me because now I get on with him. Now he's become charming. But he knows a lot, that's the problem. When we worked together it was my first film up and I was the new kid on the block. But we made a good movie."<ref>{{citation |first=Rob |last=Carnevale |title=Getting Direct with Directors: Ridley Scott |date=September 2006 |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140413025033/http://www.bbc.co.uk/films/callingtheshots/ridley_scott.shtml |archive-date=April 13, 2014}}</ref> Ford said of Scott in 2000: "I admire his work. We had a bad patch there, and I'm over it."<ref>{{citation |title=And beneath lies, the truth |work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |date=November 2000 |first=Colin |last=Kennedy |issue=137 |page=76}}</ref> In 2006 Ford reflected on the production of the film saying: "What I remember more than anything else when I see ''Blade Runner'' is not the 50 nights of shooting in the rain, but the voiceover&nbsp;... I was still obliged to work for these clowns that came in writing one bad voiceover after another."<ref>{{citation |title=In Conversation with Harrison Ford |work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |date=April 2006 |issue=202 |page=140}}</ref> Ridley Scott confirmed in the summer 2007 issue of ''[[Total Film]]'' that Harrison Ford contributed to the ''Blade Runner'' Special Edition DVD, and had already recorded his interviews. "Harrison's fully on board", said Scott.<ref>{{citation |last=Smith |first=Neil |title=The Total Film Interview |work=Total Film |date=Summer 2007 |issue=130}}</ref>

[[File:The Bradbury Building from the inside.jpg|thumb|right|upright|alt=A photograph of a building interior showing stairs climbing up five storeys to the final floor where we can see the glass roof|The [[Bradbury Building]] in Los Angeles was used as one of the filming locations.]]

The [[Bradbury Building]] in downtown Los Angeles served as a [[filming location]], and a Warner Bros. [[backlot]] housed the 2019 Los Angeles street [[Set construction|sets]]. Other locations included the [[Ennis House|Ennis-Brown House]] and the [[2nd Street Tunnel]]. [[Test screening]]s resulted in several changes, including adding a [[voice-over]], a happy ending, and the removal of a Holden hospital scene. The relationship between the filmmakers and the investors was difficult, which culminated in Deeley and Scott being fired but still working on the film.<ref name="edge-doc-review" /> Crew members created T-shirts during filming saying, "Yes Guv'nor, My Ass" that mocked Scott's unfavorable comparison of U.S. and British crews; Scott responded with a T-shirt of his own, "Xenophobia Sucks", making the incident known as the T-shirt war.{{sfn|Sammon|p=218}}<ref name="pajiba-smith">{{citation |url=http://www.pajiba.com/seriously_random_lists/mindhole-blowers-20-facts-about-blade-runner-that-might-leave-you-questioning-ridley-scotts-humanity.php |title=Mindhole Blowers: 20 facts about Blade Runner that might leave you questioning Ridley Scotts humanity |last=Davis |first=Cindy |date=November 8, 2011 |work=Pajiba.com |access-date=September 21, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140802114242/http://www.pajiba.com/seriously_random_lists/mindhole-blowers-20-facts-about-blade-runner-that-might-leave-you-questioning-ridley-scotts-humanity.php |archive-date=August 2, 2014}}</ref>

=== Casting ===
{{See also|List of Blade Runner characters}}

[[Casting (performing arts)|Casting]] the film proved troublesome, particularly for the lead role of Deckard. Screenwriter Hampton Fancher envisioned [[Robert Mitchum]] as Deckard and wrote the character's dialogue with Mitchum in mind.<ref name="DangerousDays">{{citation |title=Dangerous Days: Making ''Blade Runner'' [documentary] |work=Blade Runner: The Final Cut |type=DVD |publisher=[[Warner Bros.]] |year=2007 |orig-year=1982}}</ref> Director Ridley Scott and the film's producers spent months meeting and discussing the role with [[Dustin Hoffman]], who eventually departed over differences in vision.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Harrison Ford was ultimately chosen for several reasons, including his performance in the ''[[Star Wars]]'' films, Ford's interest in the ''Blade Runner'' story, and discussions with [[Steven Spielberg]] who was finishing ''[[Raiders of the Lost Ark]]'' at the time and strongly praised Ford's work in the film.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Following his success in those two films, Ford was looking for a role with dramatic depth.<ref name="BladeRunnerNightmare" /> According to production documents, several actors were considered for the role, including [[Gene Hackman]], [[Sean Connery]], [[Jack Nicholson]], [[Paul Newman]], [[Clint Eastwood]], [[Tommy Lee Jones]], [[Arnold Schwarzenegger]], [[Peter Falk]], [[Nick Nolte]], [[Al Pacino]] and [[Burt Reynolds]].<ref name="DangerousDays" /><ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/ |title=Blade Runner at 30: Celebrating Ridley Scott's Dystopian Vision |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=June 18, 2021|archive-date=September 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210930132246/https://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/|url-status=live}}</ref>

One role that was not difficult to cast was [[Rutger Hauer]] as Roy Batty,<ref name="NYT-20190725">{{cite news |last=Ebiri |first=Bilge |title=Even Now, Rutger Hauer's Performance in 'Blade Runner' Is a Marvel – With his combination of menace and anguish, he created an unforgettable character that made the movie the classic it remains today. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/25/movies/blade-runner-rutger-hauer.html |date=July 25, 2019 |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=July 25, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725134017/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/25/movies/blade-runner-rutger-hauer.html |archive-date=July 25, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> the violent yet thoughtful leader of the replicants.<ref name="Ebert">{{citation |last=Ebert |first=Roger |date=September 11, 1992 |url=http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19920911/REVIEWS/209110301/1023 |title=Blade Runner: Director's Cut [review] |work=RogerEbert.com |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130304150411/http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=%2F19920911%2FREVIEWS%2F209110301%2F1023 |archive-date=March 4, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Scott cast Hauer without having met him, based solely on Hauer's performances in [[Paul Verhoeven]]'s movies Scott had seen (''[[Keetje Tippel|Katie Tippel]]'', ''[[Soldier of Orange]]'', and ''[[Turkish Delight (1973 film)|Turkish Delight]]'').<ref name="DangerousDays" /> Hauer's portrayal of Batty was regarded by Philip K. Dick as "the perfect Batty&nbsp;– cold, [[Aryan race|Aryan]], flawless".{{sfn|Sammon|p=284}} Of the many films Hauer made, ''Blade Runner'' was his favorite. As he explained in a live chat in 2001,<!-- This quote is literally what is said on the website; do not "correct" it. --> "''Blade Runner'' needs no explanation. It just {{em|[is]}}. All of the best. There is nothing like it. To be part of a real {{em|masterpiece}} which changed the world's thinking. It's awesome."<ref>{{cite interview |last=Hauer |first=Rutger |subject-link=Rutger Hauer |url=http://www.rutgerhauer.org/chatroom/transcript05.php |title=Chatroom Transcripts: Live Chat February 7, 2001 |date=February 7, 2001 |work=RutgerHauer.org |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120909185908/http://www.rutgerhauer.org/chatroom/transcript05.php |archive-date=September 9, 2012 |url-status=dead}}{{self-published source |date=February 2018 |reason=This is a permissible SPS, per WP:ABOUTSELF.}}</ref> Hauer rewrote his character's "[[Tears in rain monologue|tears in rain]]" speech himself and presented the words to Scott on set prior to filming.

''Blade Runner'' used a number of then-lesser-known actors: [[Sean Young]] portrays Rachael, an experimental replicant implanted with the memories of Tyrell's niece, causing her to believe she is human;{{sfn|Sammon|p=92–93}} [[Nina Axelrod]] auditioned for the role.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> [[Daryl Hannah]] portrays Pris, a "basic pleasure model" replicant; [[Stacey Nelkin]] auditioned for the role, but was given another part in the film, which was ultimately cut before filming.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> [[Debbie Harry]] turned down the role of Pris.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.nme.com/blogs/the-movies-blog/10-things-you-never-knew-about-blade-runner-759354 |title=10 Things You Never Knew About Blade Runner |website=[[NME]] |date=October 5, 2017|access-date=October 8, 2021|archive-date=October 10, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211010002338/https://www.nme.com/blogs/the-movies-blog/10-things-you-never-knew-about-blade-runner-759354|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.hollywood.com/general/debbie-harry-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-blade-runner-59856599/ |title=Debbie Harry: 'My biggest regret is turning down Blade Runner' |date=June 16, 2014|access-date=October 8, 2021|archive-date=January 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180109040050/http://www.hollywood.com/general/debbie-harry-my-biggest-regret-is-turning-down-blade-runner-59856599/|url-status=live}}</ref> Casting Pris and Rachael was challenging, requiring several screen tests with [[Morgan Paull]] playing the role of Deckard. Paull was cast as Deckard's fellow bounty hunter Holden based on his performances in the tests.<ref name="DangerousDays" /> [[Brion James]] portrays Leon Kowalski, a combat and laborer replicant, and [[Joanna Cassidy]] portrays Zhora, an assassin replicant.

[[Edward James Olmos]] portrays Gaff. Olmos drew on diverse ethnic sources to help create the fictional "[[Cityspeak]]" language his character uses in the film.{{sfn|Sammon|p=115–116}} His initial address to Deckard at the noodle bar is partly in Hungarian and means, "Horse dick [bullshit]! No way. You are the Blade&nbsp;... Blade Runner."{{sfn|Sammon|p=115–116}} [[M. Emmet Walsh]] portrays Captain Bryant, a rumpled, hard-drinking and underhanded police veteran typical of the [[film noir]] genre. [[Joe Turkel]] portrays Dr. Eldon Tyrell, a corporate mogul who built an empire on genetically manipulated humanoid slaves. [[William Sanderson]] was cast as J.&nbsp;F. Sebastian, a quiet and lonely genius who provides a compassionate yet compliant portrait of humanity. J.&nbsp;F. sympathizes with the replicants, whom he sees as companions,{{sfn|Bukatman|p=72}} and he shares their shorter lifespan due to his rapid aging disease.{{sfn|Sammon|p=170}} [[Joe Pantoliano]] had earlier been considered for the role.<ref>{{cite interview |last=Sanderson |first=William |subject-link=William Sanderson |interviewer=Brinkley, Aaron |title=A Chat with William Sanderson |url=http://media.bladezone.com/contents/film/interviews/bill-sanderson |work=BladeZone |date=October 5, 2000 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140428173457/http://media.bladezone.com/contents/film/interviews/bill-sanderson/ |archive-date=April 28, 2014}}</ref> [[James Hong]] portrays Hannibal Chew, an elderly geneticist specializing in synthetic eyes, and [[Hy Pyke]] portrayed the sleazy bar owner Taffey Lewis – in a single take, something almost unheard-of with Scott, whose drive for perfection resulted at times in double-digit takes.{{sfn|Sammon|p=150}}

=== Design ===

Scott credits [[Edward Hopper]]'s painting ''[[Nighthawks (painting)|Nighthawks]]'' and the French science fiction comics magazine ''[[Métal Hurlant]]'', to which the artist [[Jean Giraud|Jean "Moebius" Giraud]] contributed, as stylistic mood sources.{{sfn|Sammon|p=74}} He also drew on the landscape of "[[Hong Kong]] on a very bad day"<ref>{{citation |last=Wheale |first=Nigel |year=1995 |title=The Postmodern Arts: An Introductory Reader |publisher=[[Routledge]] |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8dGfKmubQIgC&pg=PA107 |page=107 |isbn=978-0-415-07776-7 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414044700/https://books.google.com/books?id=8dGfKmubQIgC&pg=PA107 |url-status=live}}</ref> and the industrial landscape of his one-time home in northeast England.<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=/arts/2003/09/20/bfscott20.xml&sSheet=/arts/2003/09/20/ixartright.html |title=Director Maximus |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=September 20, 2003 |location=London |first=Mark |last=Monahan |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080621145411/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/arts/main.jhtml?xml=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fbfscott20.xml&sSheet=%2Farts%2F2003%2F09%2F20%2Fixartright.html |archive-date=June 21, 2008 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The visual style of the movie is influenced by the work of futurist Italian architect [[Antonio Sant'Elia]].<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.irishartsreview.com/green-energy/?showall=1 |title=Irish Arts Review |access-date=September 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141106000514/http://www.irishartsreview.com/green-energy/?showall=1 |archive-date=November 6, 2014 |url-status=live}}</ref> Scott hired [[Syd Mead]] as his [[concept art]]ist; like Scott, he was influenced by ''Métal Hurlant''.{{sfn|Sammon|p=53}} Moebius was offered the opportunity to assist in the pre-production of ''Blade Runner'', but he declined so that he could work on [[René Laloux]]'s animated film ''[[Les Maîtres du temps]]''&nbsp;– a decision that he later regretted.<ref>{{citation |last=Giraud |first=Jean |author-link=Jean Giraud |year=1988 |title=Moebius 4: The Long Tomorrow & Other SF Stories |isbn=978-0-87135-281-1 |publisher=[[Marvel Comics]]}}</ref> Production designer [[Lawrence G. Paull]] and art director [[David Snyder]] realized Scott's and Mead's sketches. [[Douglas Trumbull]] and [[Richard Yuricich]] supervised the special effects for the film, and [[Mark Stetson]] served as chief model maker.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://vfxvoice.com/the-miniature-models-of-blade-runner/ |title=The Miniature Models of Blade Runner |work=VFX Voice |date=October 2, 2017 |access-date=March 20, 2018 |last=Failes |first=Ian |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063433/http://vfxvoice.com/the-miniature-models-of-blade-runner/ |archive-date=March 21, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

''Blade Runner'' has numerous similarities to [[Fritz Lang]]'s ''[[Metropolis (1927 film)|Metropolis]]'', including a built-up urban environment, in which the wealthy literally live above the workers, dominated by a huge building&nbsp;– the Stadtkrone Tower in ''Metropolis'' and the Tyrell Building in ''Blade Runner''. Special effects supervisor David Dryer used stills from ''Metropolis'' when lining up ''Blade Runner''{{'}}s miniature building shots.{{Sfnm|1a1=Bukatman|1p=61–63|2a1=Sammon|2p=111}}

The extended end scene in the original theatrical release shows Rachael and Deckard traveling into daylight with pastoral aerial shots filmed by director [[Stanley Kubrick]]. Ridley Scott contacted Kubrick about using some of his surplus helicopter aerial photography from ''[[The Shining (film)|The Shining]]''.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQ7qKKQrSBY |title=Quentin Tarantino, Ridley Scott, Danny Boyle, & More Directors on THR's Roundtables I |year=2016 |access-date=February 4, 2018 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |via=YouTube |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160106124526/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SQ7qKKQrSBY |archive-date=January 6, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://uproxx.com/hitfix/ridley-scott-kubrick-gave-me-footage-from-the-shining-to-use-in-blade-runner/ |title=Ridley Scott: I used footage from Kubrick's ''The Shining'' in ''Blade Runner'' |work=[[Uproxx]] |department=Hitfix |date=December 10, 2015 |access-date=February 4, 2018 |last=Eggersten |first=Chris |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170711203958/http://uproxx.com/hitfix/ridley-scott-kubrick-gave-me-footage-from-the-shining-to-use-in-blade-runner/ |archive-date=July 11, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ridley-scott-reveals-stanley-kubrick-847447 |title=Ridley Scott Reveals Stanley Kubrick Gave Him Footage from ''The Shining'' for ''Blade Runner'' Ending |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]] |last=Howard |first=Annie |date=December 10, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160114141701/http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/ridley-scott-reveals-stanley-kubrick-847447 |archive-date=January 14, 2016}}</ref>

==== Spinner ====
{{Main|Spinner (Blade Runner){{!}}''Spinner'' (Blade Runner)}}
[[File:Spinner3.jpg|thumb|A "spinner" (police variant) on display at [[Disney's Hollywood Studios|Disney-MGM Studios]] in the 1990s]]
"Spinner" is the generic term for the fictional flying cars used in the film. A spinner can be driven as a ground-based vehicle, and take off vertically, hover, and cruise much like [[VTOL|vertical take-off and landing (VTOL)]] aircraft. They are used extensively by the police as [[patrol car]]s, and wealthy people can also acquire spinner licenses.{{sfn|Sammon|p=79–80}} The vehicle was conceived and designed by Syd Mead who described the spinner as an [[Aircraft#Heavier-than-air – aerodynes|aerodyne]]&nbsp;– a vehicle which directs air downward to create [[Lift (force)|lift]], though press kits for the film stated that the spinner was propelled by three engines: "conventional [[Internal combustion engine|internal combustion]], [[Jet engine|jet]], and [[anti-gravity]]".<ref name="SJPSTop40">{{citation |title=The Top 40 Cars from Feature Films: 30. Police Spinner |url=http://www.screenjunkies.com/movies/movie-news/the-top-40-cars-from-feature-films-30-26/ |work=ScreenJunkies |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=March 30, 2010 |quote=though press kits for the film stated that the spinner was propelled by three engines: "conventional internal combustion, jet and anti-gravity". |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140404023133/http://www.screenjunkies.com/movies/movie-news/the-top-40-cars-from-feature-films-30-26/ |archive-date=April 4, 2014}}</ref> A spinner is on permanent exhibit at the [[Museum of Pop Culture|Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame]] in Seattle, Washington.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.empsfm.org/documents/press/EMPSFMBrochure.pdf |publisher=[[Museum of Pop Culture]] |title=Experience Music Project / Science Fiction Museum and Hall of Fame (EMP/SFM) |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110124232804/http://www.empsfm.org/documents/press/EMPSFMBrochure.pdf |archive-date=January 24, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Mead's conceptual drawings were transformed into 25 vehicles by automobile customizer [[Gene Winfield]]; at least two were working ground vehicles, while others were light-weight mockups for crane shots and set decoration for street shots.<ref name="Winfield & Willoughby">{{cite interview |url=http://media.bladezone.com/contents/film/interviews/gene-winfield/ |work=BladeZone |title=Deconstructing the Spinner |last=Winfield |first=Gene |subject-link=Gene Winfield |interviewer=Willoughby, Gary |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130927020356/http://media.bladezone.com/contents/film/interviews/gene-winfield/ |archive-date=September 27, 2013}}</ref> Two of them ended up at [[Disney World]] in Orlando, Florida, but were later destroyed, and a few others remain in private collections.<ref name="Winfield & Willoughby" />

==== Voight-Kampff machine ====

{{Quote box
 |quote = A very advanced form of lie detector that measures contractions of the iris muscle and the presence of invisible airborne particles emitted from the body. The bellows were designed for the latter function and give the machine the menacing air of a sinister insect. The VK is used primarily by Blade Runners to determine if a suspect is truly human by measuring the degree of his empathic response through carefully worded questions and statements.
| sstyle=text-align:right
| source = &nbsp;– Description from the original press kit.
| align = right
| width = 40%
}}
The Voight-Kampff machine is a fictional interrogation tool, originating from the novel (where it is spelled "Voigt-Kampff"). The Voight-Kampff is a [[polygraph]]-like machine used by blade runners to determine whether an individual is a replicant. It measures bodily functions such as respiration, blush response, heart rate and eye movement in response to questions dealing with [[empathy]].{{sfn|Sammon|p=106–107}}

=== Music ===
{{Main|Blade Runner (soundtrack){{!}}''Blade Runner'' (soundtrack)}}
The ''Blade Runner'' soundtrack by [[Vangelis]] is a dark melodic combination of classic composition and futuristic synthesizers which mirrors the film noir retro-future envisioned by Scott. Vangelis, fresh from his [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]]-winning score for ''[[Chariots of Fire]]'',<ref name="NSVan">{{citation |author=Vangelis |author-link=Vangelis |title=Blade Runner&nbsp;– Scoring the music |work=NemoStudios.co.uk |url=http://www.nemostudios.co.uk/bladerunner/index.htm |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131019015508/http://www.nemostudios.co.uk/bladerunner/index.htm |archive-date=October 19, 2013}}{{self-published source |date=February 2018 |reason=This SPS is permissible per WP:ABOUTSELF.}}</ref> composed and performed the music on his synthesizers.{{sfn|Sammon|p=271–274}} He also made use of various chimes and the vocals of collaborator [[Demis Roussos]].{{sfn|Sammon|p=419–423}} Another memorable sound is the tenor sax solo "Love Theme" by British saxophonist [[Dick Morrissey]], who performed on many of Vangelis's albums. Ridley Scott also used "Memories of Green" from the Vangelis album ''[[See You Later]], ''an orchestral version of which Scott would later use in his film ''[[Someone to Watch Over Me (film)|Someone to Watch Over Me]]''.<ref>{{citation |last=Larsen |first=Peter |title=Film music |publisher=[[Reaktion Books]] |location=London |year=2007 |isbn=978-1-86189-341-3 |page=179}}</ref>

Along with Vangelis's compositions and ambient textures, the film's soundscape also features a track by the Japanese ensemble Nipponia&nbsp;– "Ogi no Mato" or "The Folding Fan as a Target" from the Nonesuch Records release ''Traditional Vocal and Instrumental Music''&nbsp;– and a track by harpist Gail Laughton from "Harps of the Ancient Temples" on Laurel Records.{{sfn|Sammon|p=424}}

Despite being well received by fans and critically acclaimed and nominated in 1982 for [[36th British Academy Film Awards|a BAFTA]] and [[40th Golden Globe Awards|a Golden Globe]] as best original score, and the promise of a soundtrack album from [[Polydor Records]] in the end titles of the film, the release of the official soundtrack recording was delayed for over a decade. There are two official releases of the music from ''Blade Runner''. In light of the lack of a release of an album, the [[New American Orchestra]] recorded an orchestral adaptation in 1982 which bore little resemblance to the original. Some of the film tracks would, in 1989, surface on the compilation ''Vangelis: Themes'', but not until the 1992 release of the ''Director's Cut'' version would a substantial amount of the film's score see commercial release.{{sfn|Sammon|p=419–423}}

These delays and poor reproductions led to the production of many [[bootleg recording]]s over the years. A bootleg tape surfaced in 1982 at science fiction conventions and became popular given the delay of an official release of the original recordings, and in 1993 "Off World Music, Ltd" created a bootleg CD that would prove more comprehensive than Vangelis' official CD in 1994.{{sfn|Sammon|p=419–423}} A set with three CDs of ''Blade Runner''-related Vangelis music was released in 2007. Titled ''Blade Runner Trilogy'', the first disc contains the same tracks as the 1994 official soundtrack release, the second features previously unreleased music from the movie, and the third disc is all newly composed music from Vangelis, inspired by, and in the spirit of the movie.<ref>{{citation |url=https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/11110-blade-runner-trilogy-25th-anniversary/ |title=Album Review: Vangelis: ''Blade Runner Trilogy: 25th Anniversary'' |first=Mike |last=Orme |work=[[Pitchfork (website)|Pitchfork]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=February 7, 2008 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029200702/http://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/11110-blade-runner-trilogy-25th-anniversary/ |archive-date=October 29, 2013}}</ref>

=== Special effects ===

The film's special effects are generally recognized to be among the best in the genre,<ref name="adamsavage">{{citation |url=http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a1775/4218376/ |title=Blade Runner at 25: Why the Sci-Fi F/X Are Still Unsurpassed |first=Adam |last=Savage |work=[[Popular Mechanics]] |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150402130018/http://www.popularmechanics.com/science/a1775/4218376/ |archive-date=April 2, 2015 |date=July 2007}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=https://www.empireonline.com/features/cinemas-greatest-vfx-shots/p6 |title=Los Angeles 2019 (Blade Runner)&nbsp;– Cinema's Greatest Effects Shots Picked by Hollywood's Top VFX Specialists |work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150518075420/http://www.empireonline.com/features/cinemas-greatest-vfx-shots/p6 |archive-date=May 18, 2015 |date=October 2, 2015}}</ref> using the available (non-digital) technology to the fullest. Special effects engineers who worked on the film are often praised for the innovative technology they used to produce and design certain aspects of those visuals.<ref name=":0" /> In addition to [[matte painting]]s and models, the techniques employed included multipass exposures. In some scenes, the set was lit, shot, the film rewound, and then rerecorded over with different lighting. In some cases this was done 16 times in all. The cameras were frequently [[motion control photography|motion controlled using computers]].<ref name="adamsavage" /> Many effects used techniques which had been developed during the production of ''[[Close Encounters of the Third Kind]]''.<ref>{{citation |url=http://douglastrumbull.com/key-fx-sequences-blade-runner-spinner-vehicles |title=Blade Runner: Spinner Vehicles |work=DouglasTrumbull.com |publisher=Trumbull Ventures |year=2010 |access-date=September 21, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150704062943/http://douglastrumbull.com/key-fx-sequences-blade-runner-spinner-vehicles |archive-date=July 4, 2015}}{{self-published source |date=February 2018 |reason=This is a permissible SPS, per WP:ABOUTSELF.}}</ref>

== Release ==

=== Theatrical run ===

''Blade Runner'' was released in 1,290 theaters on June 25, 1982. That date was chosen by producer [[Alan Ladd Jr.]] because his previous highest-grossing films (''[[Star Wars (film)|Star Wars]]'' and ''[[Alien (film)|Alien]]'') had a similar opening date (May 25) in 1977 and 1979, making the 25th of the month his "lucky day".{{sfn|Sammon|p=309}} ''Blade Runner'' grossed reasonably good ticket sales in its opening weekend; earning $6.1&nbsp;million during its first weekend in theaters.<ref>{{citation |last=Harmetz |first=Aljean |title=''E.T.'' May Set Sales Record |at=Section C, Cultural Desk, page 9 |work=The New York Times |date=June 29, 1982}}</ref> The film was released close to other major science-fiction and fantasy releases such as ''[[The Thing (1982 film)|The Thing]]'', ''[[Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan]]'', ''[[Conan the Barbarian (1982 film)|Conan the Barbarian]]'' and ''[[E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial]]'', which affected its commercial success.{{sfn|Sammon|p=316}}

=== Versions ===
{{Main|Versions of Blade Runner}}
Several versions of ''Blade Runner'' have been shown. The original workprint version (1982, 113 minutes) was shown for audience test previews in Denver and Dallas in March 1982. Negative responses to the previews led to the modifications resulting in the U.S. theatrical version.<ref>{{citation |last=Kaplan |first=Fred |title=A Cult Classic Restored, Again |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/movies/30kapl.html |newspaper=The New York Times |date=September 30, 2007 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131220052847/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/movies/30kapl.html |archive-date=December 20, 2013}}</ref>{{sfn|Sammon|p=289}} The workprint was shown as a director's cut without Scott's approval at the Los Angeles Fairfax Theater in May 1990, at an AMPAS showing in April 1991, and in September and October 1991 at the Los Angeles NuArt Theater and the San Francisco Castro Theatre.{{Sfnm|1a1=Bukatman|1p=36–37|2a1=Sammon|2p=334–340}} Positive responses pushed the studio to approve work on an official director's cut.{{sfn|Bukatman|p=37}} A San Diego Sneak Preview was shown only once, in May 1982, and was almost identical to the U.S. theatrical version but contained three extra scenes not shown in any other version, including the 2007 Final Cut.{{sfn|Sammon|p=306 and 309–311}}

Two versions were shown in the film's 1982 theatrical release: the U.S. theatrical version (117 minutes),<ref name=bbfcoriginal>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-1 |title=''Blade Runner'' |publisher=[[British Board of Film Classification]] |date=May 27, 1982 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160322161256/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-1 |archive-date=March 22, 2016}}</ref> known as the original version or ''Domestic Cut'' (released on [[Betamax]], [[CED Videodisc]] and [[VHS]] in 1983, and on [[LaserDisc]] in 1987), and the ''International Cut'' (117 minutes), also known as the "Criterion Edition" or "uncut version", which included more violent action scenes than the U.S. version. Although initially unavailable in the U.S. and distributed in Europe and Asia via theatrical and local Warner Home Video releases, the ''International Cut'' was later released on VHS and [[The Criterion Collection]] Laserdisc in North America, and re-released in 1992 as a "10th Anniversary Edition".{{sfn|Sammon|p=326–329}}

Ridley Scott's ''Director's Cut'' (1992, 116 minutes)<ref name=bbfcdirectorscut>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-directors-cut-film |title=''Blade Runner'' [Director's Cut] |publisher=British Board of Film Classification |date=September 29, 1992 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160406204404/http://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-directors-cut-film |archive-date=April 6, 2016}}</ref> had significant changes from the theatrical version including the removal of Deckard's voice-over, the re-insertion of the unicorn sequence, and the removal of the studio-imposed happy ending. Scott provided extensive notes and consultation to Warner Bros. through film preservationist Michael Arick, who was put in charge of creating the ''Director's Cut''.{{sfn|Sammon|p=353, 365}}

Scott's definitive ''The Final Cut'' (2007, 117 minutes)<ref name=bbfcfinal>{{cite web |url=https://www.bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-0 |title=''Blade Runner'' [The Final Cut] |publisher=British Board of Film Classification |date=October 12, 2007 |access-date=January 8, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160305203132/http://bbfc.co.uk/releases/blade-runner-film-0 |archive-date=March 5, 2016}}</ref> was released by Warner Bros. theatrically on October 5, 2007, and subsequently released on DVD, [[HD DVD]], and [[Blu-ray Disc]] in December 2007.<ref name="thedigitalbits">{{citation |title=''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' |date=July 26, 2007 |url=http://www.thedigitalbits.com/site_archive/articles/br2007/announce.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140222043104/http://www.thedigitalbits.com/site_archive/articles/br2007/announce.html |work=The Digital Bits |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=February 22, 2014}}</ref> This is the only version over which Scott had complete artistic and editorial control.{{sfn|Sammon|p=353, 365}}

== Reception ==

=== Critical response ===

On [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film holds an 88% approval rating based on 130 reviews, with an average rating of 8.50/10. The website's critics consensus reads, "Misunderstood when it first hit theaters, the influence of Ridley Scott's mysterious, neo-noir ''Blade Runner'' has deepened with time. A visually remarkable, achingly human sci-fi masterpiece."<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/blade_runner |title=Blade Runner (1982) |website=[[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher=[[Fandango Media|Fandango]] |access-date=June 1, 2022 |archive-date=June 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200605074607/https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/blade_runner |url-status=live}}</ref> [[Metacritic]], which uses a weighted average, assigned the film a score of 84 out of 100 based on 15 critics, indicating "universal acclaim".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.metacritic.com/movie/blade-runner |title=Blade Runner (1982) |website=[[Metacritic]] |publisher=[[CBS Interactive]] |access-date=April 3, 2020 |archive-date=April 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200416101139/https://www.metacritic.com/movie/blade-runner |url-status=live}}</ref>

Initial reactions among film critics were mixed. Some wrote that the plot took a back seat to the film's special effects and did not fit the studio's marketing as an action and adventure film. Others acclaimed its complexity and predicted it would stand the test of time.{{sfn|Sammon|p=313–315}} Negative criticism in the United States cited its slow pace.<ref>{{citation |last=Hicks |first=Chris |date=September 11, 1992 |url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700000200/Blade-Runner.html |title=Movie review: Blade Runner |work=[[Deseret News]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407001657/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/700000200/Blade-Runner.html |archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref> [[Sheila Benson]] from the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' called it "Blade Crawler", and Pat Berman in ''[[The State (newspaper)|The State]]'' and ''[[Columbia Record]]'' described it as "science fiction pornography".<ref>Quoted in {{harvnb|Sammon|p=313 and 314}}, respectively.</ref> [[Pauline Kael]] praised ''Blade Runner'' as worthy of a place in film history for its distinctive sci-fi vision, yet criticized the film's lack of development in "human terms".<ref name="Kael">{{citation |last=Kael |first=Pauline |title=Taking It All In |year=1984 |publisher=Holt, Rinehart and Winston |isbn=978-0-03-069361-8 |pages=360–365}}</ref> ''[[Ares (magazine)|Ares]]'' magazine said, "Misunderstood by audiences and critics alike, it is by far the best ''science fiction'' film of the year."<ref name="Ares">{{cite journal |last=John |first=Christopher |title=Film & Television |journal=[[Ares (magazine)|Ares]] |publisher=[[TSR, Inc.]] |date=Winter 1983 |issue=13 |page=43}}</ref>

=== Cultural analysis ===
Academics began analyzing the film almost as soon as it was released. One of the first books on the film was Paul M. Sammon's ''Future Noir: The Making of Blade Runner'' (1996),<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sammon |first=Paul M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Al2lPwAACAAJ |title=Future Noir: The Making of Blade Runner |date=1996 |publisher=Orion Media |isbn=978-0-7528-0740-9 |language=en|access-date=October 1, 2020|archive-date=April 14, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414015432/https://books.google.com/books?id=Al2lPwAACAAJ|url-status=live}}</ref> which dissects all the details concerning the film making. He was followed by [[Scott Bukatman]]'s ''Blade Runner''<ref>Bukatman, Scott. ''Blade Runner''. London: BFI, 1997.</ref> and other books and academic articles.<ref>{{citation |last=Williams |first=Douglas E. |url=https://philosophy.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/Ideology%20as%20Dystopia%20-%20An%20Interpretation%20of%20Blade%20Runner%20-%20Douglas%20E.%20Williams.pdf |title=Ideology as Dystopia: An Interpretation of "Blade Runner" |work=[[International Political Science Review]] |volume=9 |issue=4 |date=October 1988 |pages=381–394 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |jstor=1600763 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160708052749/https://philosophy.as.uky.edu/sites/default/files/Ideology%20as%20Dystopia%20-%20An%20Interpretation%20of%20Blade%20Runner%20-%20Douglas%20E.%20Williams.pdf |archive-date=July 8, 2016 |publisher=[Sage Publications, Inc., Sage Publications, Ltd.]}}</ref> In ''Postmodern Metanarratives: Blade Runner and Literature in the Age of Image'', Décio Torres Cruz analyzes the philosophical and psychological issues and the literary influences in ''Blade Runner''. He examines the film's cyberpunk and dystopic elements by establishing a link between the Biblical, classical and modern traditions and the postmodern aspects in the film's collage of several literary texts.<ref name="Torres Cruz 2014">{{Cite book |last=Torres Cruz |first=Décio |url=https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137439727 |title=Postmodern Metanarratives: Blade Runner and Literature in the Age of Image |date=2014 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-1-137-43972-7 |language=en|access-date=September 18, 2020|archive-date=October 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201009064728/https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137439727|url-status=live}}</ref>

The boom in home video formats helped establish a growing cult around the film,<ref name=":0">Dalton, Stephen (October 26, 2016). [https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/blade-runner "Blade Runner: anatomy of a classic"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171015064343/http://www.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/news-bfi/features/blade-runner |date=October 15, 2017 }}. [[British Film Institute]].</ref> which scholars have dissected for its dystopic aspects, questions regarding "authentic" humanity, [[ecofeminism|ecofeminist]] aspects<ref>{{citation |last=Jenkins |first=Mary |url=http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |year=1997 |title=The Dystopian World of Blade Runner: An Ecofeminist Perspective |journal=Trumpeter |volume=14 |issue=4 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170914233708/http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |archive-date=September 14, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref> and use of conventions from multiple genres.<ref>{{citation |last1=Doll |first1=Susan |last2=Faller |first2=Greg |url=https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1314619891/blade-runner-and-genre-film-noir-and-science-fiction |title=Blade Runner and Genre: Film Noir and Science Fiction |work=Literature Film Quarterly |year=1986 |volume=14 |issue=2 |access-date=October 13, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20151013050150/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1P3-1314619891/blade-runner-and-genre-film-noir-and-science-fiction |archive-date=October 13, 2015}}</ref> Popular culture began to reassess its impact as a classic several years after it was released.<ref>Gray, Tim (June 24, 2017). [https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ "'Blade Runner' Turns 35: Ridley Scott's Unloved Film That Became a Classic"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170705010740/https://variety.com/2017/film/news/blade-runner-1982-unloved-classic-1202476755/ |date=July 5, 2017 }}. ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]''.</ref><ref>{{citation |last=Shone |first=Tom |title=Woman: The Other Alien in Alien |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2012/06/prometheus_why_are_academics_so_obsessed_with_ridley_scott_s_alien_and_its_sequels_.html |date=June 6, 2012 |work=[[Slate (magazine)|Slate]] |url-status=live |archive-url= http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20160424231545/http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2012/06/prometheus_why_are_academics_so_obsessed_with_ridley_scott_s_alien_and_its_sequels_.html |archive-date=April 24, 2016}}</ref><ref name="indiewire">{{citation |last=Jagernauth |first=Kevin |title=''Blade Runner'' Is Almost a Religion for Me: Denis Villeneuve Talks Directing the Sci-fi Sequel |url=http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/blade-runner-is-almost-a-religion-for-me-denis-villeneuve-talks-directing-the-sci-fi-sequel-20150428 |access-date=October 12, 2015 |work=[[IndieWire]] |date=April 28, 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151001045525/http://blogs.indiewire.com/theplaylist/blade-runner-is-almost-a-religion-for-me-denis-villeneuve-talks-directing-the-sci-fi-sequel-20150428 |archive-date=October 1, 2015}}</ref> [[Roger Ebert]] praised the visuals of both the original and the ''Director's Cut'' and recommended it for that reason; however, he found the human story clichéd and a little thin.<ref name="Ebert" /> He later added ''The Final Cut'' to his "Great Movies" list.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-blade-runner-the-final-cut-1982 |title=''Blade Runner: The Final Cut'' Movie Review (1982) |last=Ebert |first=Roger |work=RogerEbert.com |access-date=June 18, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160627095550/http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-blade-runner-the-final-cut-1982 |archive-date=June 27, 2016}}</ref> Critic Chris Rodley and [[Janet Maslin]] theorized that ''Blade Runner'' changed cinematic and cultural discourse through its image repertoire and subsequent influence on films.<ref>{{citation |last=Rodley |first=Chris |title=''Blade Runner: The Director's Cut'' |url=http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/blade_runner_the_directors_cut/ |access-date=October 14, 2015 |work=frieze |year=1993 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080905211517/http://www.frieze.com/issue/article/blade_runner_the_directors_cut/ |archive-date=September 5, 2008}}</ref> In 2012, ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' film critic [[Richard Corliss]] surgically analyzed the durability, complexity, screenplay, sets and production dynamics from a personal, three-decade perspective.<ref>[http://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/ Blade Runner at 30: Celebrating Ridley Scott's Dystopian Vision] {{webarchive |url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161219180842/http://time.com/3834604/blade-runner-ridley-scott-harrison-ford/ |date=December 19, 2016}}, ''Time'', Richard Corliss, June 25, 2012. Retrieved April 11, 2017.</ref> [[Denis Villeneuve]], who directed the sequel, ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', cites the film as a huge influence for him and many others.<ref name="indiewire" />

It has also been noted for its postmodernist approach and that it contributes to the historical development of modern dystopia in film.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Bruno |first=Giuliana |date=1987 |title=Ramble City: Postmodernism and ''Blade Runner'' |journal=October |volume=41 |pages=61–74 |doi=10.2307/778330 |jstor=778330}}</ref> Furthermore, the futuristic version of Los Angeles has been widely discussed by academics with some comparing it to Milton's descriptions of hell in ''[[Paradise Lost]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Desser |first=David |date=1985 |title=Blade Runner: Science Fiction & Transcendence |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly; Salisbury |volume=13 |pages=172–179 |id={{ProQuest|226985939}}}}</ref> A 2019 retrospective in the [[BBC]] argued that elements of the film's socio-political themes remained prescient in the real year of the film's setting, such as its depiction of [[climate change]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barnett |first=David |title=Are we living in a Blade Runner world? |url=https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20191111-are-we-living-in-a-blade-runner-world |access-date=June 30, 2022 |website=www.bbc.com |language=en |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630150706/https://www.bbc.com/culture/article/20191111-are-we-living-in-a-blade-runner-world |url-status=live }}</ref> From a more philosophical perspective, Alison Landsberg described Scott's direction of the film as a "prosthetic memory"—an action that has never happened and appears to be divorced from lived experience, yet it defines personhood and identity within the wider Blade Runner universe.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Landsberg |first=Alison |s2cid=144020560 |date=1995 |title=Prosthetic Memory: Total Recall and Blade Runner |journal=Body & Society |volume=1 |issue=3–4 |pages=175–189 |doi=10.1177/1357034X95001003010}}</ref>

=== Awards and nominations ===

''Blade Runner'' won or received nominations for the following awards:<ref name="NY Times">{{citation |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/5994/Blade-Runner/awards |title=''Blade Runner'' |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130517200337/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/5994/Blade-Runner/awards |department=Movies & TV Dept. |work=The New York Times |date=2013 |archive-date=May 17, 2013}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable" style="width:99%;"
|-
! Year !! Award !! Category !! Nominee !! Result
|-
| rowspan="2"| 1982
| [[British Society of Cinematographers]]
| Best Cinematography
| rowspan="3"| [[Jordan Cronenweth]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association]]
| [[Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]
| {{won}}
|-
| rowspan="18"| 1983
| rowspan="8"| [[British Academy Film Awards]]
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography|Best Cinematography]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design|Best Costume Design]]
| Charles Knode and [[Michael Kaplan (costume designer)|Michael Kaplan]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Editing|Best Editing]]
| [[Terry Rawlings]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Film Music|Best Film Music]]
| [[Vangelis]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Makeup and Hair|Best Makeup and Hair]]
| [[Marvin Westmore]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Production Design|Best Production Design]]
| [[Lawrence G. Paull]]
| {{won}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Sound|Best Sound]]
| Peter Pennell, Bud Alper, Graham V. Hartstone, and Gerry Humphreys
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[BAFTA Award for Best Special Visual Effects|Best Special Visual Effects]]
| [[Douglas Trumbull]], [[Richard Yuricich]], and David Dryer
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Hugo Award]]
| [[Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation|Best Dramatic Presentation]]
|
| {{won}}
|-
| [[London Film Critics' Circle]]
| Special Achievement Award
| Lawrence G. Paull, Douglas Trumbull, and Syd Mead
| {{won}}
|-
| [[Golden Globe Award]]s
| [[Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score|Best Original Score]]
| Vangelis
| {{nom}}
|-
| rowspan="2"| [[Academy Awards]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Production Design|Best Art Direction]]
| Lawrence G. Paull, [[David Snyder]], and [[Linda DeScenna]]
| {{nom}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8OGeLuQ9aA |title=Gandhi Wins Art Direction and Cinematography: 1983 Oscars |via=www.youtube.com|access-date=August 14, 2020|archive-date=August 3, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200803090532/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h8OGeLuQ9aA|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| [[Academy Award for Best Visual Effects|Best Visual Effects]]
| Douglas Trumbull, Richard Yuricich, and [[David Dryer]]
| {{nom}}<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1983 |title=The 55th Academy Awards &#124; 1983 |website=Oscars.org &#124; Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|access-date=August 14, 2020|archive-date=April 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417061022/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1983|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIM6pVe9V9U |title=E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial Wins Visual Effects: 1983 Oscars |via=www.youtube.com|access-date=August 14, 2020|archive-date=August 6, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200806161837/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dIM6pVe9V9U|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan="4"| [[Saturn Award]]
| [[Saturn Award for Best Director|Best Director]]
| [[Ridley Scott]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Saturn Award for Best Science Fiction Film|Best Science Fiction Film]]
|
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Saturn Award for Best Special Effects|Best Special Effects]]
| Douglas Trumbull and Richard Yuricich
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor|Best Supporting Actor]]
| [[Rutger Hauer]]
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[Fantasporto]]
| International Fantasy Film Award
| Ridley Scott
| {{nom}}
|-
| 1993
| [[Fantasporto]]
| International Fantasy Film Award
| Best Film&nbsp;– Ridley Scott (Director's Cut)
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[20th Saturn Awards|1994]]
| rowspan=2| [[Saturn Award]]
| Best Genre Video Release
| ''Blade Runner'' (Director's Cut)
| {{nom}}
|-
| [[35th Saturn Awards|2008]]
| [[Saturn Award for Best DVD or Blu-ray Special Edition Release|Best DVD Special Edition Release]]
| ''Blade Runner'' (5-Disc Ultimate Collector's Edition)
| {{won}}
|}

== Themes ==
{{Main|Themes in Blade Runner}}
The film operates on multiple dramatic and narrative levels. It employs some of the conventions of [[film noir]], among them the character of a ''[[femme fatale]]''; narration by the protagonist (in the original release); [[chiaroscuro]] cinematography; and giving the hero a questionable moral outlook&nbsp;– extended to include reflections upon the nature of his own humanity.<ref name="Barlow">Barlow, Aaron "Reel Toads and Imaginary Cities: Philip K. Dick, ''Blade Runner'' and the Contemporary Science Fiction Movie" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=43–58}}.</ref><ref>Jermyn, Deborah "The Rachael Papers: In Search of ''Blade Runner''s Femme Fatale" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=159–172}}.</ref> It is a literate science fiction film, thematically enfolding the philosophy of religion and moral implications of human mastery of [[genetic engineering]] in the context of [[Theatre of ancient Greece|classical Greek drama]] and [[hubris]].<ref>{{citation |url=http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |title=The Dystopian World of ''Blade Runner'': An Ecofeminist Perspective |access-date=July 27, 2011 |journal=Trumpeter |last=Jenkins |first=Mary |year=1997 |volume=14 |issue=4 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090214004426/http://trumpeter.athabascau.ca/index.php/trumpet/article/view/172/210 |archive-date=February 14, 2009 |url-status=live}}</ref> It also draws on Biblical images, such as [[Genesis flood narrative|Noah's flood]],<ref>Kerman, Judith B. "Post-Millennium ''Blade Runner''" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=31–39}}.</ref> and literary sources, such as ''[[Frankenstein]]''<ref name="Alessio">Alessio, Dominic "Redemption, 'Race', Religion, Reality and the Far-Right: Science Fiction Film Adaptations of Philip K. Dick" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=59–76}}</ref> and [[William Blake]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Harley |first1=Alexis |title=America, a prophecy: when Blake meets ''Blade Runner'' |journal=Sydney Studies in English |volume=31 |pages=61–75 |url=https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/ielapa.200601721 |oclc=107741379 |access-date=January 29, 2022 |archive-date=February 10, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240210000145/https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/ielapa.200601721 |url-status=live }}</ref> Although Scott said any similarity was merely coincidental,{{sfn|Sammon|p=384}} fans claimed that the chess game between Sebastian and Tyrell was based on the famous [[Immortal Game]] of 1851.<ref>{{cite web |last=Edwards |first=Jacob |title='A Most Unconvincing Replicant: Allegory and Intelligence in Blade Runner's Chess Game', by Jacob Edwards |url=https://www.regencychess.co.uk/blog/2016/05/chess-in-film/ |work=The Lifted Brow |date=December 27, 2013 |access-date=April 7, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406231358/https://www.regencychess.co.uk/blog/2016/05/chess-in-film/ |archive-date=April 6, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref>

''Blade Runner'' delves into the effects of technology on the environment and society by reaching to the past, using literature, [[religious symbolism]], classical dramatic themes, and ''film noir'' techniques. This tension between past, present, and future is represented in the "retrofitted" future depicted in the film, one which is high-tech and gleaming in places but decayed and outdated elsewhere. In an interview with ''[[The Observer]]'' in 2002, director Ridley Scott described the film as "extremely dark, both literally and metaphorically, with an oddly masochistic feel". He also said that he "liked the idea of exploring pain" in the wake of his brother's death: "When he was ill, I used to go and visit him in London, and that was really traumatic for me."<ref name="scottobserver">{{citation |last=Barber |first=Lynn |title=Scott's Corner |date=January 6, 2002 |url=http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0,,628186,00.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080720054223/http://film.guardian.co.uk/interview/interviewpages/0%2C%2C628186%2C00.html |url-status=dead |work=[[The Observer]] |location=London |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=July 20, 2008}}</ref>

A sense of foreboding and paranoia pervades the world of the film: corporate power looms large; the police seem omnipresent; vehicle and warning lights probe into buildings; and the consequences of huge biomedical power over the individual are explored&nbsp;–
especially regarding replicants' implanted memories. The film depicts a world post [[ecocide]], where warfare and capitalism have led to destruction of 'normal' ecological systems.<ref>{{citation |last=Leaver |first=Tama |title=Post-Humanism and Ecocide in William Gibson's ''Neuromancer'' and Ridley Scott's ''Blade Runner'' |url=http://project.cyberpunk.ru/idb/post-humanism_and_ecocide.html |year=1997 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703104841/http://project.cyberpunk.ru/idb/post-humanism_and_ecocide.html |archive-date=July 3, 2013 |via=The Cyberpunk Project}}{{self-published source|date=February 2018}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |title=Avenging nature: the role of nature in modern and contemporary art and literature |date=2020 |publisher=Lexington Books |isbn=978-1-79362-145-0 |editor-last=Valls Oyarzun |editor-first=Eduardo |series=Ecocritical theory and practice |location=Lanham Boulder NewYork London |chapter=13 |editor-last2=Gualberto Valverde |editor-first2=Rebeca |editor-last3=Malla García |editor-first3=Noelia |editor-last4=Colom Jiménez |editor-first4=María |editor-last5=Cordero Sánchez |editor-first5=Rebeca}}</ref> Control over the environment is exercised on a vast scale, and goes hand in hand with the absence of any natural life; for example, artificial animals stand in for their extinct predecessors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Representations of Ecocide in Blade Runner and Neuromancer |url=http://project.cyberpunk.ru/idb/post-humanism_and_ecocide.html |access-date=June 21, 2023 |website=project.cyberpunk.ru |archive-date=July 3, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703104841/http://project.cyberpunk.ru/idb/post-humanism_and_ecocide.html |url-status=live }}</ref> This oppressive backdrop explains the frequently referenced migration of humans to "off-world" (extraterrestrial) colonies. Eyes are a recurring motif, as are manipulated images, calling into question the nature of reality and our ability to accurately perceive and remember it.{{sfn|Bukatman|p=9–11}}<ref>Heldreth, Leonard G. "The Cutting Edges of ''Blade Runner''" in {{Harvp|Kerman|1991|p=44}}</ref> The film also consists of themes of Japan as a power, coming amid a time of [[Anti-Japanese sentiment in the United States]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cheded |first=Farah |date=2017-06-29 |title=Quite an Experience to Live in Fear: An In-Depth Look at How the Anxieties that Inspired 'Blade Runner' Fare Today |url=https://filmschoolrejects.com/blade-runner-anxieties-today/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=Film School Rejects |language=en-US}}</ref>

These thematic elements provide an atmosphere of uncertainty for ''Blade Runner''{{'}}s central theme of examining humanity. In order to discover replicants, an empathy test is used, with a number of its questions focused on the treatment of animals&nbsp;– seemingly an essential indicator of one's "humanity". Replicants will not respond the same way humans would, showing a lack of concern. The film goes so far as to question if Deckard might be a replicant, in the process asking the audience to re-evaluate what it means to be human.<ref>Gwaltney, Marilyn. "Androids as a Device for Reflection on Personhood" in {{Harvp|Kerman|1991|p=32–39}}</ref>

The question of whether Deckard is intended to be a human or a replicant has been an ongoing controversy since the film's release.{{sfn|Bukatman|p=80–83}}<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/deckard-replicant-history-blade-runners-enduring-mystery/ |title=Is Deckard a Replicant? The history of Blade Runner's most enduring mystery |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |author=Tristram Fane Saunders |date=October 5, 2017 |access-date=March 12, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190311132411/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/deckard-replicant-history-blade-runners-enduring-mystery/ |archive-date=March 11, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref> Both Michael Deeley and Harrison Ford wanted Deckard to be human, while Hampton Fancher preferred ambiguity.{{sfn|Sammon|p=362}} Ridley Scott has stated that in his vision, Deckard is a replicant.<ref>{{citation |editor-last=Peary |editor-first=Danny |year=1984 |title=''Omni''<nowiki />'s Screen Flights, Screen Fantasies: The Future According to Science Fiction |chapter=Directing ''Alien'' and ''Blade Runner'': An Interview with Ridley Scott |publisher=[[Omni (magazine)|Omni]] / [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]] |pages=[https://archive.org/details/omnisscreenfligh00pear/page/293 293–302] |isbn=978-0-385-19202-6 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/omnisscreenfligh00pear/page/293}}</ref><ref name="nytkaplan">{{citation |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/movies/30kapl.html |title=A Cult Classic Restored, Again |last=Kaplan |first=Fred |date=September 30, 2007 |work=The New York Times |quote=The film's theme of dehumanization has also been sharpened. What has been a matter of speculation and debate is now a certainty: Deckard, the replicant-hunting cop, is himself a replicant. Mr. Scott confirmed this: 'Yes, he's a replicant. He was always a replicant.' |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180205073914/https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/30/movies/30kapl.html |archive-date=February 5, 2018}}</ref> Deckard's unicorn-dream sequence, inserted into Scott's ''Director's Cut'' and concomitant with Gaff's parting gift of an origami unicorn, is seen by many as showing that Deckard is a replicant&nbsp;– because Gaff could have retrieved Deckard's implanted memories.<ref name="Alessio" /><ref name="scott2017">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/blade-runner-questions-may-have-seeing-sequel/ |title=What is a Blade Runner? And other questions you may have before seeing the sequel |author=Adam White |date=October 2, 2017 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |access-date=March 11, 2019 |quote=[RIDLEY SCOTT] Gaff, at the very end, leaves an origami, which is a piece of silver paper you might find in a cigarette packet, and it's a unicorn. Now, the unicorn in Deckard's daydream tells me that Deckard wouldn't normally talk about such a thing to anyone. If Gaff knew about that, it's Gaff's message to say, 'I've read your file, mate.' |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329195134/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/films/0/blade-runner-questions-may-have-seeing-sequel/ |archive-date=March 29, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/825641.stm |title=''Blade Runner'' riddle solved |date=July 9, 2000 |work=[[BBC News]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406230204/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/entertainment/825641.stm |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref> The interpretation that Deckard is a replicant is challenged by others who believe the unicorn imagery shows that the characters, whether human or replicant, share the same dreams and recognize their affinity,<ref>Brooker, Peter "Imagining the Real: ''Blade Runner'' and Discourses on the Postmetropolis" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=9, 222}}.</ref> or that the absence of a decisive answer is crucial to the film's main theme.{{sfn|Bukatman|p=83}} The film's inherent ambiguity and uncertainty, as well as its textual richness, have permitted multiple interpretations.<ref>Hills, Matt "Academic Textual Poachers: ''Blade Runner'' as Cult Canonical Film" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=124–141}}.</ref>

== Legacy ==

=== Cultural impact ===
{{See also|Tears in rain monologue}}

[[File:Blade Runner spinner flyby.png|thumb|alt=Screenshot of a police spinner flying through a cityscape next to a large building which has a huge face projected onto it. In the distance a screen can be seen with writing and pictures on it|A police spinner flying beside enormous skyscrapers, some with electronic billboards on them. Special effects such as these were benchmarks and have been highly influential on the esthetics of subsequent sci-fi movies.]]
[[File:Tesla Cybertruck outside unveil modified by Smnt.jpg|thumb|Tesla's Cybertruck was heavily inspired by ''Blade Runner''.]]

While not initially a success with North American audiences, ''Blade Runner'' was popular internationally and garnered a [[cult following]].{{sfn|Sammon|p=318–329}} The film's dark style and futuristic designs have served as a benchmark and its influence can be seen in many subsequent science fiction films, [[video game]]s, [[anime]], and television programs.<ref name="Barlow" /> For example, [[Ronald D. Moore]] and [[David Eick]], the producers of the re-imagining of ''[[Battlestar Galactica (2004 TV series)|Battlestar Galactica]]'', have both cited ''Blade Runner'' as one of the major influences for the show.<ref>{{cite interview |last=Moore |first=Ronald D. |subject-link=Ronald D. Moore |last2=Eick |first2=David |subject-link2=David Eick |interviewer=Daniel Solove, Deven Desai and David Hoffman |title=''Battlestar Galactica'' Interview |url=http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2008/03/battlestar_gala_5.html |work=Concurring Opinions |date=February 21, 2008 |access-date=October 3, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20111101202913/http://www.concurringopinions.com/archives/2008/03/battlestar_gala_5.html |archive-date=November 1, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

The film was selected for preservation in the United States [[National Film Registry]] in 1993 and is frequently taught in university courses.<ref>{{citation |title=Aren't We All Just Replicants on the Inside? |date=October 2, 2007 |url=http://www.nysun.com/article/63805 |last=Rapold |first=Nicolas |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080905003256/http://www.nysun.com/article/63805 |work=The New York Sun |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=September 5, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=Librarian Announces National Film Registry Selections |date=March 7, 1994 |journal=Library of Congress Information Bulletin |url=https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9405/film.html|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=March 8, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308154357/https://www.loc.gov/loc/lcib/94/9405/film.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Complete National Film Registry Listing |website=Film Registry {{!}} National Film Preservation Board {{!}} Programs at the Library of Congress {{!}} Library of Congress|url=https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|access-date=May 20, 2020|archive-date=October 31, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161031213743/https://www.loc.gov/programs/national-film-preservation-board/film-registry/complete-national-film-registry-listing/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2007, it was named the second-most visually influential film of all time by the [[Visual Effects Society]].<ref>{{citation |title=The Visual Effects Society Unveils '50 Most Influential Visual Effects Films of All Time' |url=http://www.visualeffectssociety.com/system/files/15/files/ves50revelfin.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120604101515/http://www.visualeffectssociety.com/system/files/15/files/ves50revelfin.pdf |publisher=Visual Effects Society |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=June 4, 2012}}</ref> The film has also been the subject of parody, such as the comics ''Blade Bummer'' by ''[[Crazy (magazine)|Crazy]]'' comics,<ref>{{citation |title=Crazy: ''Blade Runner'' Parody |url=http://media.bladezone.com/contents/publications/magazines/crazy |last=Kissell |first=Gerry |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140428173626/http://media.bladezone.com/contents/publications/magazines/crazy/ |work=BladeZone |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=April 28, 2014}}</ref> ''Bad Rubber'' by [[Steve Gallacci]],<ref>{{citation |title=''Albedo'' #0 |work=[[Grand Comics Database]] Project |url=http://www.comics.org/issue/37533/#218913 |last=Gallacci |first=Steven A. |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406234202/http://www.comics.org/issue/37533/ |at="Bad Rubber" section |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref> and the ''[[Red Dwarf]]'' 2009 three-part miniseries "[[Red Dwarf: Back to Earth|Back to Earth]]".<ref>{{citation |title=''Red Dwarf: Back To Earth''&nbsp;– This Weekend's Essential Viewing&nbsp;– NME Video Blog |url=https://www.nme.com/blog/index.php?blog=121&title=red_dwarf_back_to_earth_this_weekend_s_e_1&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1 |last=Howard |first=Rob |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121011201714/http://www.nme.com/blog/index.php?blog=121&title=red_dwarf_back_to_earth_this_weekend_s_e_1&more=1&c=1&tb=1&pb=1 |work=[[NME]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-date=October 11, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=''Red Dwarf: Back to Earth''&nbsp;– Director's Cut DVD 2009: Amazon.co.uk: Craig Charles, Danny John-Jules, Chris Barrie, Robert Llewellyn, Doug Naylor: DVD |url=https://www.amazon.co.uk/Red-Dwarf-Back-Earth-DVD/dp/B001UHO102 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20090614131802/http://www.amazon.co.uk/Red-Dwarf-Back-Earth-DVD/dp/B001UHO102 |archive-date=June 14, 2009 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=June 15, 2009}}</ref> The anime series ''[[Psycho-Pass]]'' by [[Production I.G]] was also highly influenced by the movie.<ref name="panel">{{cite news |url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/convention/2013/sakura-con/5 |title=Directors's Panel with Katsuyuki Motohiro, Naoyoshi Shiotani, and Atsuko Ishizuka |date=March 30, 2013 |access-date=December 30, 2013 |work=[[Anime News Network]] |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131231145932/http://www.animenewsnetwork.com/convention/2013/sakura-con/5 |archive-date=December 31, 2013}}</ref>

''Blade Runner'' continues to reflect modern trends and concerns, and an increasing number of critics consider it one of the greatest science fiction films of all time.<ref>{{citation |last1=Jha |first1=Alok |last2=Rogers |first2=Simon |last3=Rutherford |first3=Adam |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/life/feature/story/0,13026,1290561,00.html |title='I've seen things...': Our expert panel votes for the top 10 sci-fi films |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |location=London |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070513161801/http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/feature/story/0%2C13026%2C1290561%2C00.html |archive-date=May 13, 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> It was voted the best science fiction film ever made in a 2004 poll of 60 eminent world scientists.<ref>{{citation |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm |title=''Blade Runner'' tops scientist poll |work=BBC News |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=September 22, 2012 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140513202114/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/3600802.stm |archive-date=May 13, 2014}}</ref> ''Blade Runner'' is also cited as an important influence to both the style and story of the ''[[Ghost in the Shell]]'' franchise, which itself has been highly influential to the future-noir genre.<ref>{{citation |title=''Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence'' |first=Jim |last=Omura |date=September 16, 2004 |work=[[FPS Magazine]] |url=http://www.fpsmagazine.com/review/040916innocence.php |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131029193102/http://www.fpsmagazine.com/review/040916innocence.php |archive-date=October 29, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=Hollywood is haunted by ''Ghost in the Shell'' |first=Steve |last=Rose |newspaper=The Guardian |date=October 19, 2009 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2009/oct/19/hollywood-ghost-in-the-shell |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130308101232/http://www.guardian.co.uk/film/2009/oct/19/hollywood-ghost-in-the-shell |archive-date=March 8, 2013}}</ref> ''Blade Runner'' has been very influential to the [[cyberpunk]] movement.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Coplan |first1=Amy |last2=Davies |first2=David |title=''Blade Runner'' |date=2015 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-23144-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XOMjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=XOMjCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT20 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Booker |first=M. Keith |title=Alternate Americas: Science Fiction Film and American Culture |date=2006 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-275-98395-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CVvb6gfT4o4C&pg=PA185 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226180206/https://books.google.com/books?id=CVvb6gfT4o4C&pg=PA185 |archive-date=February 26, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Milner |first=Andrew |title=Literature, Culture and Society |date=2005 |publisher=Psychology Press |isbn=978-0-415-30785-7 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rOmYospPvfwC&pg=PA266 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=rOmYospPvfwC&pg=PA266 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Brown |first=Steven T. |title=Tokyo Cyberpunk: Posthumanism in Japanese Visual Culture |date=2016 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-0-230-11006-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W_0YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |access-date=July 13, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180225131828/https://books.google.com/books?id=W_0YDAAAQBAJ&pg=PT10 |archive-date=February 25, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> It also influenced the [[Cyberpunk derivatives|cyberpunk derivative]] [[biopunk]], which revolves around [[biotechnology]] and [[genetic engineering]].<ref name="scifi">{{cite web |last=Evans |first=Josh |title=What Is Biopunk? |url=http://sciencefiction.com/2011/09/18/what-is-biopunk/ |access-date=June 20, 2015 |date=September 18, 2011 |work=ScienceFiction.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150602151222/http://sciencefiction.com/2011/09/18/what-is-biopunk/ |archive-date=June 2, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Wohlsen |first=Marcus |title=Biopunk: Solving Biotech's Biggest Problems in Kitchens and Garages |publisher=[[Current Publishing]] |date=2011 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bpptCOi3G_AC&pg=PT15 |isbn=978-1-61723-002-8 |access-date=August 24, 2017 |archive-date=October 20, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211020232507/https://books.google.com/books?id=bpptCOi3G_AC&pg=PT15 |url-status=live}}</ref> The film is also considered to be one of the early examples of the [[tech noir]]<ref name="sherlock">{{cite web |url=https://gamerant.com/80s-movie-invented-tech-noir/ |title=One Movie Both Invented and Perfected the Tech Noir |work=[[Game Rant]] |first=Ben |last=Sherlock |date=February 21, 2021 |access-date=November 4, 2023 |archive-date=August 26, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220826044939/https://gamerant.com/80s-movie-invented-tech-noir/ |url-status=live }}</ref> subgenre.

The dialogue and music in ''Blade Runner'' has been [[Sampling (music)|sampled]] in music more than any other film of the 20th century.<ref>{{citation |date=September 1, 2004 |last=Cigéhn |first=Peter |title=The Top 1319 Sample Sources (version 60) |url=http://semimajor.net/samples/sourcelist_20041019.txt |url-status=live |access-date=July 27, 2011 |work=Sloth.org |via=Semimajor.net |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131027045655/http://semimajor.net/samples/sourcelist_20041019.txt |archive-date=October 27, 2013}}</ref> The 2009 album ''[[I, Human]]'' by Singaporean band [[Deus Ex Machina (Death Metal)|Deus Ex Machina]] makes numerous references to the genetic engineering and cloning themes from the film, and even features a track titled "Replicant".<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.metalcrypt.com/pages/review.php?revid=5620 |title=Deus Ex Machina&nbsp;– ''I, Human'' Review |work=The Metal Crypt |date=February 22, 2010 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407014949/http://www.metalcrypt.com/pages/review.php?revid=5620 |archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref>

''Blade Runner'' is cited as a major influence on [[Warren Spector]],<ref>{{citation |title=Gaming Gurus |volume=14 |issue=4 |date=April 1, 2006 |url=https://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.04/gurus.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130903031100/http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/14.04/gurus.html |magazine=[[Wired (magazine)|Wired]] |access-date=August 28, 2009 |archive-date=September 3, 2013}}</ref> designer of the video game ''[[Deus Ex (video game)|Deus Ex]]'', which displays evidence of the film's influence in both its visual rendering and plot. Indeed, the film's look&nbsp;– and in particular its overall darkness, preponderance of neon lights and opaque visuals&nbsp;– are easier to [[rendering (computer graphics)|render]] than complicated backdrops, making it a popular reference point for video game designers.<ref name="Atkins">Atkins, Barry "Replicating the Blade Runner" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=79–91}}.</ref><ref name="Tosca">Tosca, Susana P. "Implanted Memories, or the Illusion of Free Action" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=92–107}}.</ref> It has influenced [[adventure game]]s such as the 2012 graphical [[text adventure]] ''[[Cypher (video game)|Cypher]]'',<ref>{{citation |last=Webster |first=Andrew |title=Cyberpunk meets interactive fiction: The art of ''Cypher'' |work=The Verge |date=October 17, 2012 |url=https://www.theverge.com/2012/10/17/3513666/cypher-cyberpunk-text-adventure-art |access-date=February 27, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140201201643/http://www.theverge.com/2012/10/17/3513666/cypher-cyberpunk-text-adventure-art |archive-date=February 1, 2014}}</ref> ''[[Rise of the Dragon]]'',<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.oldgames.sk/en/game/rise-of-the-dragon/ |title=''Rise of the Dragon'' |work=OldGames.sk |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140202094447/http://www.oldgames.sk/en/game/rise-of-the-dragon/ |archive-date=February 2, 2014}}</ref><ref name="BR Influence">{{Citation |url=http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3165122 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://archive.today/20120718134327/http://www.1up.com/do/feature?pager.offset=1&cId=3165122 |archive-date=July 18, 2012 |title=Tracing Replicants: We examine ''Blade Runner''<nowiki />'s influence on games |access-date=November 11, 2010 |work=[[1Up.com|1Up]]}}</ref> ''[[Snatcher (video game)|Snatcher]]'',<ref name="BR Influence" /><ref>{{citation |url=http://snatcher.awardspace.co.uk/ |title=''Blade Runner'' and ''Snatcher'' |work=AwardSpace.co.uk |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130725184859/http://snatcher.awardspace.co.uk/ |archive-date=July 25, 2013}}</ref> the ''[[Tex Murphy]]'' series,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nowgamer.com/features/921622/the_top_10_best_game_detectives.html |title=The Top 10 Best Game Detectives |work=NowGamer |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120316140550/http://www.nowgamer.com/features/921622/the_top_10_best_game_detectives.html |archive-date=March 16, 2012 |date=May 16, 2011}}</ref> ''[[Beneath a Steel Sky]]'',<ref>{{citation |url=http://beneath-a-steel-sky.en.softonic.com/ |title=''Beneath a Steel Sky'' |work=Softonic.com |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131019221635/http://beneath-a-steel-sky.en.softonic.com/ |archive-date=October 19, 2013}}</ref> ''[[Flashback: The Quest for Identity]]'',<ref name="BR Influence" /> [[Bubblegum Crisis#Video games|''Bubblegum Crisis'' video games]] (and their [[Bubblegum Crisis|original anime]]),<ref>{{citation |last=Lambie |first=Ryan |work=[[Den of Geek]] |url=https://www.denofgeek.com/movies/673488/bubblegum_crisis_3d_liveaction_movie_on_the_way.html |title=''Bubblegum Crisis'' 3D live-action movie on the way |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120104210806/http://www.denofgeek.com/movies/673488/bubblegum_crisis_3d_liveaction_movie_on_the_way.html |archive-date=January 4, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.bleedingcool.com/2010/11/04/3d-live-action-bubblegum-crisis-movie-gets-a-direcor-and-a-start-date/ |title=3D Live Action ''Bubblegum Crisis'' Movie Gets a Director and a Start Date |work=[[Bleeding Cool]] |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407010840/http://www.bleedingcool.com/2010/11/04/3d-live-action-bubblegum-crisis-movie-gets-a-direcor-and-a-start-date/ |archive-date=April 7, 2014 |date=November 4, 2010}}</ref> the [[role-playing game]] ''[[Shadowrun]]'',<ref name="BR Influence" /> the [[first-person shooter]] ''[[Perfect Dark]]'',<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.next-gen.biz/features/retrospective-perfect-dark |title=Retrospective: ''Perfect Dark'' |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110221031328/http://www.next-gen.biz/features/retrospective-perfect-dark |archive-date=February 21, 2011}}</ref> the [[shooter game]] ''[[Skyhammer]]'',<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Ripper |first=The |url=https://archive.org/stream/Gamefan_Vol_2_Issue_12#page/n229/mode/1up |title=Europa! |magazine=[[GameFan]] |volume=2 |issue=12 |date=December 1994 |page=214 |access-date=August 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190302132752/https://archive.org/stream/Gamefan_Vol_2_Issue_12#page/n229/mode/1up |archive-date=March 2, 2019 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Robertson |first=Andy |url=http://www.ataritimes.com/index.php?ArticleIDX=7 |title=Skyhammer – Now here's a game that really soars! |work=The Atari Times |date=June 2, 1996 |access-date=August 20, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180401080034/http://www.ataritimes.com/index.php?ArticleIDX=7 |archive-date=April 1, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> and the ''[[Syndicate (series)|Syndicate]]'' series of video games.<ref>{{citation |url=http://syndicate.lubie.org/swars/html/swars_review_schrank.php |title=''Syndicate Wars'': Review |first=Chuck |last=Schrank |work=Gamezilla PC Games |via=Lubie.org |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130908204347/http://syndicate.lubie.org/swars/html/swars_review_schrank.php |archive-date=September 8, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.hardcoregaming101.net/syndicate/syndicate.htm |title=''Syndicate'' |work=HardcoreGaming101.net |access-date=November 10, 2010 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140101235954/http://www.hardcoregaming101.net/syndicate/syndicate.htm |archive-date=January 1, 2014}}</ref>

The logos of [[Atari]], [[Bell System|Bell]], [[Coca-Cola]], [[Cuisinart]], [[Pan American World Airways|Pan Am]], and [[RCA]], all market leaders at the time, were prominently displayed as [[product placement]] in the film, and all experienced setbacks after the film's release,<ref name="bbcad" /><ref>{{citation |editor1-first=Lukas |editor1-last=Mariman |editor2-last=Chapman |editor2-first=Murray |date=December 2002 |version=4.1 |url=http://faqs.cs.uu.nl/na-dir/movies/blade-runner-faq.html |work=alt.fan.blade-runner |via=FAQs.CS.UU.nl |title=''Blade Runner'': Frequently Asked Questions |access-date=February 4, 2018 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180205104301/http://faqs.cs.uu.nl/na-dir/movies/blade-runner-faq.html |archive-date=February 5, 2018}}</ref> leading to suggestions of a ''Blade Runner'' curse.{{sfn|Sammon|p=104}} [[Coca-Cola]] and [[Cuisinart]] recovered, and [[Tsingtao Brewery|Tsingtao beer]] was also featured in the film and was more successful after the film than before.<ref name="bbcad">{{cite web |title=The curse of Blade Runner's adverts |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/31664223/the-curse-of-blade-runners-adverts |work=BBC Newsbeat |access-date=September 11, 2018 |date=February 27, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020170630/http://www.bbc.co.uk/newsbeat/article/31664223/the-curse-of-blade-runners-adverts |archive-date=October 20, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>

The design of [[Tesla, Inc.|Tesla's]] [[Tesla Cybertruck|Cybertruck]] was inspired by the film.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://www.wired.com/story/why-tesla-cybertruck-looks-weird/ |title=Why the Tesla Cybertruck Looks So Weird |magazine=Wired |access-date=December 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191205134228/https://www.wired.com/story/why-tesla-cybertruck-looks-weird/|archive-date=December 5, 2019|url-status=live |last1=Marshall |first1=Aarian}}</ref> Prior to its release [[Elon Musk]] promised that it would "look like something out of Blade Runner".<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/blade-runners-syd-mead-says-cybertruck-exceeds-expectations-2019-11 |title=Blade Runner's art director Syd Mead is a huge fan of Tesla's new Cybertruck |first1=Aaron |last1=Holmes |first2=Tyler |last2=Sonnemaker |website=Business Insider|access-date=December 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191128173601/https://www.businessinsider.com/blade-runners-syd-mead-says-cybertruck-exceeds-expectations-2019-11|archive-date=November 28, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> Besides referring to the truck as the "Blade Runner Truck", Musk chose to debut the truck in order to coincide with the film's setting of November 2019.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/billroberson/2019/11/07/must-be-expensive-very-musk-says-tesla-truck-will-get-reveal-to-coincide-with-blade-runner-date/ |title=Elon Musk Says Tesla Truck Reveal Will Coincide With 'Blade Runner' Date |first=Bill |last=Roberson |website=Forbes|access-date=December 5, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191127164545/https://www.forbes.com/sites/billroberson/2019/11/07/must-be-expensive-very-musk-says-tesla-truck-will-get-reveal-to-coincide-with-blade-runner-date/|archive-date=November 27, 2019|url-status=live}}</ref> The film's art designer [[Syd Mead]] praised the truck and said he was "flattered" by the homage to ''Blade Runner''.<ref name="auto" />

=== Media recognition ===

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
|-
! Year
! Presenter
! Title
! Rank
! {{Abbr|Refs|References}}
|-
| 2001
| ''[[The Village Voice]]''
| 100 Best Films of the 20th Century
| 94
|<ref name="village20th">{{citation |url=http://www.filmsite.org/villvoice.html |title=100 Best Films of the 20th Century |last=Hoberman |first=J. |year=2001 |author2=Village Voice Critics' Poll |work=[[The Village Voice]] |via=FilmSite.org |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140331174817/http://www.filmsite.org/villvoice.html |archive-date=March 31, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=3 | 2002
| [[Online Film Critics Society]] (OFCS)
| Top 100 Sci-fi Films of the Past 100 Years
| 2
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.ofcs.org/2010/09/ofcs-top-100-top-100-sci-fi-films.html |title=OFCS Top 100: Top 100 Sci-Fi Films |work=OFCS.org |publisher=Online Film Critics Society |date=June 12, 2002 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120313182814/http://www.ofcs.org/2010/09/ofcs-top-100-top-100-sci-fi-films.html |archive-date=March 13, 2012}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Sight & Sound]]''
| [[Sight & Sound#2002|Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002]]
| 45
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/critics-long.html |title=Sight & Sound Top Ten Poll 2002 |work=[[Sight & Sound]] |via=BFI.org.uk |publisher=[[British Film Institute]] |year=2002 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120515211647/http://www.bfi.org.uk/sightandsound/topten/poll/critics-long.html |archive-date=May 15, 2012 |access-date=February 4, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| colspan="2"| ''50 Klassiker, Film''
| rowspan="2" {{N/A}}
|<ref>{{Citation |last=Schröder |first=Nicolaus |year=2002 |title=50 Klassiker, Film |publisher=Gerstenberg |language=de |isbn=978-3-8067-2509-4}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2003
| colspan="2"| ''[[1001 Movies You Must See Before You Die]]''
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.1001beforeyoudie.com/qssUS/1001_movies_us.html |title=1001 Movies to See Before You Die |via=1001BeforeYouDie.com |date=July 22, 2002 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140528161940/http://www.1001beforeyoudie.com/qssUS/1001_movies_us.html |archive-date=May 28, 2014 |access-date=February 4, 2011}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Entertainment Weekly]]''
| The Top 50 Cult Movies
| 9
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.filmsite.org/cultfilmsew.html |title=Top 50 Cult Movies |date=May 23, 2003 |magazine=[[Entertainment Weekly]] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140331185021/http://www.filmsite.org/cultfilmsew.html |archive-date=March 31, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 2004
| ''[[The Guardian]]'', scientists
| Top 10 Sci-fi Films of All Time
| 1
|<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/life/news/page/0,12983,1290764,00.html |title=Top 10 sci-fi films |work=The Guardian |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130725004021/http://www.guardian.co.uk/life/news/page/0%2C12983%2C1290764%2C00.html |archive-date=July 25, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencenews.sciencefictionspecial |title=Scientists vote ''Blade Runner'' best sci-fi film of all time |newspaper=The Guardian |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |first=Alok |last=Jha |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130308101132/http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2004/aug/26/sciencenews.sciencefictionspecial |archive-date=March 8, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial2 |title=How we did it |newspaper=The Guardian |date=August 26, 2004 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130726163356/http://www.guardian.co.uk/science/2004/aug/26/sciencefictionspecial2 |archive-date=July 26, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2005
| ''Total Film''{{'}}s editors
| 100 Greatest Movies of All Time
| 47
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.totalfilm.com/news/who-is-the-greatest |title=Film news: Who is the greatest? |work=Total Film |publisher=Future Publishing |date=October 24, 2005 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140123115358/http://www.totalfilm.com/news/who-is-the-greatest |archive-date=January 23, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| [[Time (magazine)|''Time'' magazine]]'s critics
| [[Time's All-Time 100 Movies|"All-Time 100" Movies]]
| {{N/A}}
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0,29569,1953094,00.html |title=The Complete List&nbsp;– All-Time 100 Movies |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=May 23, 2005 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110822192250/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/completelist/0%2C29569%2C1953094%2C00.html |archive-date=August 22, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0,28757,1953094,00.html |title=All-Time 100 Movies |magazine=Time |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=February 12, 2005 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110831093529/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/0%2C28757%2C1953094%2C00.html |archive-date=August 31, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{citation |url=http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1953094_1953142_1953314,00.html |title=All-Time 100 Movies: ''Blade Runner'' (1982) |magazine=Time |access-date=July 27, 2011 |date=February 12, 2005 |last=Corliss |first=Richard |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110305144029/http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1953094_1953142_1953314,00.html |archive-date=March 5, 2011 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2008
| ''[[New Scientist]]''
| All-time favorite science fiction film (readers and staff)
| 1
|<ref>{{citation |title=Sci-fi special: Your all-time favourite science fiction |first=Alison |last=George |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20026826.300-scifi-special-your-alltime-favourite-science-fiction.html |work=[[New Scientist]] |date=November 12, 2008 | access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406224932/http://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20026826.300-scifi-special-your-alltime-favourite-science-fiction.html |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=''New Scientist''<nowiki />'s favourite sci-fi film |first=Alison |last=George |url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14805-new-scientists-favourite-scifi-film-.html |work=New Scientist |date=October 1, 2008 | access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406233019/http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn14805-new-scientists-favourite-scifi-film-.html |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| ''[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]]''
| The 500 Greatest Movies of All Time
| 20
|<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.empireonline.com/500/92.asp |title=''Empire'' Features |work=[[Empire (magazine)|Empire]] |access-date=July 26, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131014063554/http://www.empireonline.com/500/92.asp |archive-date=October 14, 2013}}</ref>
|-
| 2010
| ''[[Total Film]]''
| 100 Greatest Movies of All Time
| {{N/A}}
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.totalfilm.com/features/100-greatest-movies-of-all-time |title=Film Features: 100 Greatest Movies of All Time |work=Total Film |publisher=Future Publishing |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131222200551/http://www.totalfilm.com/features/100-greatest-movies-of-all-time |archive-date=December 22, 2013}}</ref>
|-
| rowspan=2 | 2012
| ''Sight & Sound''
| Sight & Sound 2012 critics top 250 films
| 69
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/critics/ |year=2012 |title=''Sight & Sound'' 2012 critics top 250 films |work=Sight & Sound |via=BFI.org |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=September 20, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131026034922/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/critics |archive-date=October 26, 2013}}</ref>
|-
| ''Sight & Sound''
| Sight & Sound 2012 directors top 100 films
| 67
|<ref>{{citation |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/directors/ |year=2012 |title=''Sight & Sound'' 2012 directors top 100 films |work=Sight & Sound |via=BFI.org |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=September 20, 2012 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140418144845/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/directors |archive-date=April 18, 2014}}</ref>
|-
| 2017
| ''Empire''
| The 100 Greatest Movies Of All Time
| 13
|<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-movies/ |title=The 100 Greatest Movies |website=Empire |date=March 20, 2018 |access-date=October 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181013202030/https://www.empireonline.com/movies/features/best-movies/ |archive-date=October 13, 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref>
|-

| 2022
| ''[[IGN]]''
| Top 25 Sci-Fi Movies of All Time
| 2
|<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time |title=Top 25 Sci-Fi Movies of All Time |work=[[IGN]] |access-date=June 30, 2022 |date=June 7, 2022 |archive-date=June 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220630072335/https://www.ign.com/articles/best-sci-fi-movies-of-all-time |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2022
| ''Sight & Sound''
| Sight & Sound 2022 critics top 100 films
| 54
|<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/sight-and-sound/greatest-films-all-time |title=The Greatest Films of All Time |work=Sight & Sound |access-date=December 24, 2022 |date=December 1, 2022 |archive-date=March 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210318214144/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/greatest-films-all-time |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

==== American Film Institute recognition ====

* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills]]&nbsp;– No. 74
* [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)]]&nbsp;– No. 97
* [[AFI's 10 Top 10]]&nbsp;– No. 6 Science Fiction Film

=== In other media ===

Before filming began, ''[[Cinefantastique]]'' magazine commissioned Paul M. Sammon to write a special issue about ''Blade Runner''{{'}}s production which became the book ''Future Noir: The Making of Blade Runner''.{{sfn|Sammon|p=1}} The book chronicles ''Blade Runner''{{'}}s evolution, focusing on film-set politics, especially the British director's experiences with his first American film crew; of which producer [[Alan Ladd, Jr.]] has said, "Harrison wouldn't speak to Ridley and Ridley wouldn't speak to Harrison. By the end of the shoot Ford was 'ready to kill Ridley', said one colleague. He really would have taken him on if he hadn't been talked out of it."<ref>{{Citation |last=Shone |first=Tom |year=2004 |title=Blockbuster |isbn=978-0-7432-3990-5 |publisher=Simon & Schuster}}</ref> ''Future Noir'' has short cast biographies and quotations about their experiences as well as photographs of the film's production and preliminary sketches. A second edition of ''Future Noir'' was published in 2007, and additional materials not in either print edition have been published online.<ref>{{citation |url=http://scribble.com/uwi/br/fn/ |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20010624131853/http://scribble.com/uwi/br/fn/ |archive-date=June 24, 2001 |title=''Future Noir'': Lost Chapters |work=2019: Off-World |via=Scribble.com |access-date=February 4, 2018}}</ref>

[[Philip K. Dick]] refused a $400,000 offer to write a ''Blade Runner'' [[novelization]], saying: "{{wj}}[I was] told the cheapo novelization would have to appeal to the twelve-year-old audience" and it "would have probably been disastrous to me artistically". He added, "That insistence on my part of bringing out the original novel and not doing the novelization&nbsp;– they were just furious. They finally recognized that there was a legitimate reason for reissuing the novel, even though it cost them money. It was a victory not just of contractual obligations but of theoretical principles."<ref name="Dick's final interview" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Riesman |first=Abraham |date=October 2, 2017 |title=The Weird World of Blade Runner Spinoffs |url=https://www.vulture.com/2017/10/before-blade-runner-2049-came-the-blade-runner-spin-offs.html|access-date=August 1, 2020 |website=Vulture |language=en-us|archive-date=October 28, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028235547/https://www.vulture.com/2017/10/before-blade-runner-2049-came-the-blade-runner-spin-offs.html|url-status=live}}</ref> ''[[Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?]]'' was eventually reprinted as a [[Movie tie-in (book)|tie-in]], with the film poster as a cover and the original title in parentheses below the ''Blade Runner'' title.<ref>{{Citation |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n0pzCsR6yDQC |via=Google Books |title=Blade Runner: (Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?) |last=Dick |first=Philip K. |year=2007 |publisher=Del Rey Books |page=216 |access-date=July 27, 2011 |isbn=978-0-345-35047-3 |archive-date=April 14, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414015407/https://books.google.com/books?id=n0pzCsR6yDQC |url-status=live}}</ref> Additionally, a novelization of the movie entitled ''Blade Runner: A Story of the Future'' by [[Les Martin]] was released in 1982.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.openculture.com/2015/09/hear-novelizations-of-blade-runner-terminator-videodrome-other-70s-80s-90s-movies-in-audiobook-format.html |title=Hear ''Blade Runner'', ''Terminator'', ''Videodrome'' & Other 70s, 80s & 90s Movies as Novelized AudioBooks |first=Colin |last=Marshall |work=Open Culture |date=September 14, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161224213224/http://www.openculture.com/2015/09/hear-novelizations-of-blade-runner-terminator-videodrome-other-70s-80s-90s-movies-in-audiobook-format.html |archive-date=December 24, 2016}}</ref> [[Archie Goodwin (comics)|Archie Goodwin]] scripted the comic book adaptation, ''[[A Marvel Comics Super Special: Blade Runner]]'', published in September 1982, which was illustrated by Al Williamson, Carlos Garzon, Dan Green, and Ralph Reese, and lettered by Ed King.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.comics.org/issue/36674/ |title=''Marvel Super Special'' #22 |work=Grand Comics Database |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140406235318/http://www.comics.org/issue/36674/ |archive-date=April 6, 2014}}</ref>

[[List of Pacific Comics publications#Blue Dolphin Enterprises|Blue Dolphin Enterprises]] published the film's screenplay combined with selected production storyboards as ''The Illustrated Blade Runner'' (June 1982);<ref>{{cite book |editor-last=Jonathan |editor-first=Law |title=Cassell Companion to Cinema |year=1997 |orig-year=1995 [as ''Brewer's Cinema''] |url=https://archive.org/details/cassellcompanion0000unse_d7i7/page/534/ |publisher=[[Cassell (publisher)|Cassell]] |location=London, England |page=534 |isbn=0-304-34938-0 |via=[[Internet Archive]]}}</ref> a book of original production artwork by Syd Mead, Mentor Huebner, Charles Knode, Michael Kaplan, and Ridley Scott as ''Blade Runner Sketchbook'' (1982);<ref>{{Harvp|Kerman|1991|p=231}}</ref> and ''The Blade Runner Portfolio'' (1982), a collection of twelve photographic prints, similar to the artist portfolios released by their [[List of Pacific Comics publications#Schanes & Schanes|Schanes & Schanes]] imprint.<ref>{{cite magazine |editor-last=Stein |editor-first=Michael |title=Blade Runner |date=June 1982 |magazine=[[Fantastic Films]] |publisher=Fantastic Films Inc. |location=Chicago, IL |volume=4 |issue=5 |page=44 |type=Ad |issn=0273-7043}}</ref>

There are two [[video game]]s based on the film, both titled ''Blade Runner'': [[Blade Runner (1985 video game)|one from 1985]], a [[side-scrolling video game]] for [[Commodore 64]], [[ZX Spectrum]], and [[Amstrad CPC]] by CRL Group PLC, which is marked as "a video game interpretation of the film score by Vangelis" rather than of the film itself (due to licensing issues); and [[Blade Runner (1997 video game)|another from 1997]], a point-and-click adventure for PC by [[Westwood Studios]]. The 1997 game has a non-linear plot based in the ''Blade Runner'' world, [[non-player character]]s that each ran in their own independent [[Artificial intelligence|AI]], and an unusual pseudo-3D engine (which eschewed polygonal solids in favor of [[Voxel#Computer games|voxel]] elements) that did not require the use of a 3D accelerator card to play the game.<ref>{{citation |last=Bates |first=Jason |title=Westwood's Blade Runner |work=PC Gamer |volume=4 |issue=9 |via=BladeZone |date=September 9, 1997 |url=http://media.bladezone.com/contents/game/BR-PCGame1.html | access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20121127104952/http://media.bladezone.com/contents/game/BR-PCGame1.html |archive-date=November 27, 2012}}</ref> Eldon Tyrell, Gaff, Leon, Rachael, Chew, J. F. Sebastian and Howie Lee appear, and their voice files are recorded by the original actors, with the exception of Gaff, who is replaced by Javier Grajeda (as [[Blade Runner (1997 video game)#Main characters|Victor Gardell]]) and Howie Lee, who is replaced by Toru Nagai.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.brmovie.com/BR_Game_MW01.htm |title=The ''Blade Runner'' Game |work=BRMovie.com |editor-first=Lukas |editor-last=Mariman |display-editors=etal|access-date=August 10, 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080714055512/http://www.brmovie.com/BR_Game_MW01.htm |archive-date = July 14, 2008}}{{self-published source|date=February 2018}}</ref> The player assumes the role of McCoy, another replicant-hunter working at the same time as Deckard.<ref name="Atkins" /><ref name="Tosca" />

The television film (and later series) ''[[Total Recall 2070]]'' was initially planned as a [[Spin-off (media)|spin-off]] of the film ''[[Total Recall (1990 film)|Total Recall]]'' (based on Philip K. Dick's short story "[[We Can Remember It for You Wholesale]]"), but was produced as a hybrid of ''Total Recall'' and ''Blade Runner''.<ref>{{Citation |last=Robb |first=Brian J. |title=Counterfeit Worlds: Philip K. Dick on Film |pages=200–225 |publisher=Titan Books |date=2006 |isbn=978-1-84023-968-3}}</ref> Many similarities between ''Total Recall 2070'' and ''Blade Runner'' were noted, as well as apparent influences on the show from [[Isaac Asimov]]'s ''[[The Caves of Steel]]'' and the TV series ''[[Holmes&nbsp;& Yoyo]]''.<ref>{{citation |last=Platt |first=John |date=March 1, 1999 |url=http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue98/screen.html |title=A ''Total Recall'' spin-off that's an awful lot like ''Blade Runner'' |work=[[Science Fiction Weekly]] |volume=5 |issue=9 [total issue #98] |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20080115153719/http://www.scifi.com/sfw/issue98/screen.html |archive-date=January 15, 2008}}</ref>

=== Documentaries ===

The film has been the subject of several documentaries.

; ''Blade Runner: Convention Reel'' (1982, 13&nbsp;minutes)
: Co-directed by Muffet Kaufman and Jeffrey B. Walker, shot and screened in 16&nbsp;mm, featured no narrator, was filmed in 1981 while ''Blade Runner'' was still in production and featured short "behind-the-scenes" segments showing sets being built and sequences being shot, as well as interviews with [[Ridley Scott]], [[Syd Mead]] and [[Douglas Trumbull]]. Appears on the ''Blade Runner'' Ultimate Collector's Edition.<ref>''Future Noir Revised & Updated Edition: The Making of Blade Runner''</ref>

; ''On the Edge of'' Blade Runner (2000, 55&nbsp;minutes)
: Directed by Andrew Abbott and hosted/written by [[Mark Kermode]]. Interviews with production staff, including Scott, give details of the creative process and the turmoil during preproduction. Insights into Philip K. Dick and the origins of ''Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?'' are provided by Paul M. Sammon and Hampton Fancher.<ref name="edge-doc-review">{{citation |url=http://tyrell-corporation.pp.se/on-the-edge-of-blade-runner-documentury/ |title=On the Edge of ''Blade Runner'' |last=Ingels |first=Nicklas |work=Los Angeles, 2019 |via=Tyrell-Corporation.pp.se |access-date=July 27, 2011 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140407015534/http://tyrell-corporation.pp.se/on-the-edge-of-blade-runner-documentury/ |archive-date=April 7, 2014}}</ref>
; ''Future Shocks'' (2003, 27 minutes)
: Directed by [[TVOntario]].<ref name="futureshocks">{{citation |url=http://tvo.org/program/131509/future-shocks |title=Future Shocks |work=TVO.org |publisher=[[TVOntario]], Ontario Educational Communications Authority |access-date=July 27, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141224115432/http://tvo.org/program/131509/future-shocks |archive-date=December 24, 2014}}</ref> It includes interviews with executive producer [[Bud Yorkin]], [[Syd Mead]], and the cast, and commentary by science fiction author [[Robert J. Sawyer]] and from film critics.
; ''Dangerous Days: Making'' Blade Runner (2007, 213 minutes){{anchor|Dangerous Days}}
: Directed and produced by [[Charles de Lauzirika]] for ''The Final Cut'' version of the film. Its source material comprises more than 80 interviews, including extensive conversations with Ford, Young, and Scott.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.chud.com/11285/interview-charles-de-lauzirika-blade-runner/ |title=Interview: Charles de Lauzirika (''Blade Runner'') |access-date=July 27, 2011 |work=[[CHUD.com]] |last=Fischer |first=Russ |date=February 8, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140202165850/http://www.chud.com/11285/interview-charles-de-lauzirika-blade-runner/ |archive-date=February 2, 2014}}</ref> The documentary is presented in eight chapters, with each of the first seven covering a portion of the filmmaking process. The final chapter examines ''Blade Runner''<nowiki />'s controversial legacy.<ref>{{citation |url=http://www.filmedge.net/BladeRunner/BRdvd.htm |title=''Blade Runner''&nbsp;– The Final Cut: 2-Disc Special Edition DVD Review |access-date=July 27, 2011 |work=FilmEdge.net |last=Weitz |first=Scott |date=December 16, 2007 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130517092920/http://www.filmedge.net/BladeRunner/BRdvd.htm |archive-date=May 17, 2013}}</ref>
; ''All Our Variant Futures: From Workprint to Final Cut'' (2007, 29&nbsp;minutes)
: Produced by Paul Prischman, appears on the ''Blade Runner'' Ultimate Collector's Edition and provides an overview of the film's multiple versions and their origins, as well as detailing the seven-year-long restoration, enhancement and remastering process behind ''The Final Cut''.<ref name="thedigitalbits" />
; '' Blade Runner Phenomenon'' (2021, 53 minutes)
: Directed by Boris Hars-Tschachotin and made by the France and Germany European public service channel ARTE, this documentary informs viewers using behind-the-scenes material from various sets, photos, original locations in Los Angeles, and interviews with those involved in the production.

== Sequel and related media ==
{{Main|Blade Runner (franchise)}}
[[File:Prometheus-2012-easter-egg.jpeg|thumb|Screen capture of DVD bonus feature from ''Prometheus'' (2012), a dictated letter by Peter Weyland about Eldon Tyrell, chief executive officer of the Tyrell Corporation]]

A sequel was released in 2017, titled ''[[Blade Runner 2049]]'', with [[Ryan Gosling]] alongside Ford in the starring roles.<ref>{{citation |last=Goldberg |first=Matt |title=Ryan Gosling Confirms He's in ''Blade Runner 2''; Talks Shane Black's ''The Nice Guys'' |work=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |date=November 16, 2015 |url=https://collider.com/ryan-gosling-blade-runner-2-nice-guys/ |access-date=November 16, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117145759/http://collider.com/ryan-gosling-blade-runner-2-nice-guys/ |archive-date=November 17, 2015 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Nudd |first=Tim |title=Ryan Gosling Set to Join Harrison Ford in ''Blade Runner'' Sequel |url=http://www.people.com/article/ryan-gosling-harrison-ford-blade-runner-sequel |work=[[People (magazine)|People]] |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150823111753/http://www.people.com/article/ryan-gosling-harrison-ford-blade-runner-sequel |archive-date=August 23, 2015}}</ref> It entered production in mid-2016 and is set decades after the first film.<ref name="filming">{{cite web |url=https://collider.com/blade-runner-2-harrison-ford-ryan-gosling/ |title=''Blade Runner 2'' Officially Starts Filming This July |first=Haleigh |last=Foutch |date=January 25, 2016 |work=[[Collider (website)|Collider]] |access-date=October 6, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160722153052/http://collider.com/blade-runner-2-harrison-ford-ryan-gosling/ |archive-date=July 22, 2016 |url-status=live}}</ref> Harrison Ford reprised his role as [[Rick Deckard]]. The film won two Academy Awards, for cinematography and visual effects.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2018 |title=The 90th Academy Awards &#124; 2018 |website=Oscars.org &#124; Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences|access-date=August 14, 2020|archive-date=April 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180417100721/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/2018|url-status=live}}</ref>

The world of ''Blade Runner'' has also come to be explored in [[animation]]. ''Blade Runner 2049'' was preceded by the release of three [[short film]]s that served as prequels, where the chronological first, ''[[Blade Runner Black Out 2022]]'', was [[anime]] (the other two, ''[[2036: Nexus Dawn]]'' and ''[[2048: Nowhere to Run]]'', were live action, not animated).<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/sep/29/blade-runner-2049-shorts-five-things |title=Blade Runner 2049: five things we learned from the shorts |first=Ben |last=Child |date=September 29, 2017 |work=The Guardian |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201094913/https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2017/sep/29/blade-runner-2049-shorts-five-things |archive-date=February 1, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In November 2021, a Japanese-American anime television series called ''[[Blade Runner: Black Lotus]]'' was released. The series tells the story of a female replicant protagonist, rather than that of a male Blade Runner one.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.techadvisor.com/news/entertainment/blade-runner-black-lotus-3806570/ |title=Black Lotus: Everything you need to know about the Blade Runner anime |first=Martyn |last=Casserly |date=November 15, 2021 |work=Tech Advisor |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201100502/https://www.techadvisor.com/news/entertainment/blade-runner-black-lotus-3806570/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/alessia-cara-feel-you-now-new-song-blade-runner-black-lotus-9611326/ |title=Hear Alessia Cara's New Song 'Feel You Now' in 'Blade Runner: Black Lotus' Opening Sequence |first=Heran |last=Mamo |date=August 5, 2021 |magazine=[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]] |access-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-date=February 1, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220201100459/https://www.billboard.com/music/pop/alessia-cara-feel-you-now-new-song-blade-runner-black-lotus-9611326/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Dick's friend [[K. W. Jeter]] wrote three authorized ''Blade Runner'' novels that continue Rick Deckard's story, attempting to resolve the differences between the film and ''Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?''<ref>Gray, Christy "Originals and Copies: The Fans of Philip K. Dick, ''Blade Runner'' and K. W. Jeter" in {{harvnb|Brooker|pp=142–156}}.</ref> These are ''[[Blade Runner 2: The Edge of Human]]'' (1995), ''[[Blade Runner 3: Replicant Night]]'' (1996), and ''[[Blade Runner 4: Eye and Talon]]'' (2000)

''Blade Runner'' cowriter [[David Peoples]] wrote the 1998 action film ''[[Soldier (1998 American film)|Soldier]]'', which he referred to as a "[[sidequel]]" or [[spiritual successor]] to the original film; the two are set in a [[shared universe]].<ref>''Cinescape'', September/October 1998 issue</ref> A bonus feature on the Blu-ray for ''[[Prometheus (2012 film)|Prometheus]]'', the 2012 film by Scott set in the ''[[Alien (franchise)|Alien]]'' universe, states that Eldon Tyrell, CEO of the ''Blade Runner'' Tyrell Corporation, was the mentor of [[Guy Pearce]]'s character Peter Weyland.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://deadline.com/2017/08/blade-runner-2049-prequel-short-2036-nexus-dawn-jared-leto-video-1202158769/ |title=''Blade Runner 2049'' Prequel Short Connects Events to Original 1982 Film |last=D'Alessandro |first=Anthony |date=August 31, 2017 |website=[[Deadline Hollywood]] |access-date=October 3, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171102002005/http://deadline.com/2017/08/blade-runner-2049-prequel-short-2036-nexus-dawn-jared-leto-video-1202158769/ |archive-date=November 2, 2017 |url-status=live}}</ref>

In late 2022, Amazon announced a ''Blade Runner 2049'' sequel series would be produced.<ref>{{citation |date=September 16, 2022 |title='Blade Runner 2049' Sequel Series Ordered at Amazon |work=variety.com |access-date=September 16, 2022 |url=https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/blade-runner-2049-sequel-series-amazon-1235373625/ |archive-date=September 16, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220916012252/https://variety.com/2022/tv/news/blade-runner-2049-sequel-series-amazon-1235373625/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On October 12, 2022, an apparent official approval to actually make a ''Blade Runner 2099'' TV series was reported.<ref name="TR-20221012">{{cite news |last=Caddy |first=Becca |title=Blade Runner 2099: everything we know so far – Everything we know about Amazon's upcoming Blade Runner 2099 series |url=https://www.techradar.com/features/blade-runner-2099-everything-we-know-so-far |date=October 12, 2022 |work=[[TechRadar]] |accessdate=October 12, 2022 |archive-date=October 12, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221012061618/https://www.techradar.com/features/blade-runner-2099-everything-we-know-so-far |url-status=live }}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[Arcology]]
* [[Biorobotics]]
* [[List of dystopian films]]
* [[List of fictional robots and androids]]
* [[Synthetic biology]]

{{clear}}

== Notes ==
{{Reflist|group=nb}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Bibliography ==

* {{cite book|editor-last=Brooker |editor-first=Will |date=2005 |title=The ''Blade Runner'' Experience |publisher=Wallflower |location=London |isbn=978-1-904764-30-4 |ref={{sfnRef|Brooker}}}}
* {{cite book |last=Bukatman |first=Scott |date=1997 |title=BFI Modern Classics: ''Blade Runner'' |location=London |publisher=British Film Institute |isbn=978-0-85170-623-8 |ref={{sfnRef|Bukatman}}}}
*Doll, Susan, and Greg Faller. 1986. "Blade Runner and Genre: Film Noir and Science Fiction." ''Literature Film Quarterly'' 14 (2): 89–100.
*Eagan, Daniel (2010) ''America's Film Legacy: The Authoritative Guide to the Landmark Movies in the National Film Registry'', A&C Black, {{ISBN|0826429777}}, pages 775–776
* {{cite book|editor-last=Kerman |editor-first=Judith |year=1991 |title=Retrofitting ''Blade Runner'': Issues in Ridley Scott's ''Blade Runner'' and Philip K. Dick's ''Do Android's Dream of Electric Sheep?'' |publisher=Bowling Green University Popular Press |isbn=978-0-87972-510-5}}
* {{cite journal |last=Macarthur |first=David |title=A Vision of Blindness: ''Bladerunner'' and Moral Redemption |journal=Film-Philosophy |year=2017 |volume=21 |issue=3 |pages=371–391 |doi=10.3366/film.2017.0056 |url=http://www.euppublishing.com/toc/film/21/3|doi-access=free}}
*Morgan, David. ''[https://www.loc.gov/static/programs/national-film-preservation-board/documents/blade_runner.pdf Blade Runner]'' at [[National Film Registry]]
* {{cite book |last=Sammon |first=Paul M. |date=1996 |title=Future Noir: the Making of ''Blade Runner'' |location=London |publisher=Orion Media |isbn=978-0-06-105314-6 |ref={{sfnRef|Sammon}}}}

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