View source for Duality (electricity and magnetism)

{{short description|All magnetic phenomena have analogous electric phenomena and vice versa}}
{{Distinguish|text = electric–magnetic duality, knows also as [[Montonen–Olive duality]]}}

{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}

In [[physics]], the '''electromagnetic dual''' concept is based on the idea that, in the static case, [[electromagnetism]] has two separate facets: [[electric field]]s and [[magnetic field]]s.  Expressions in one of these will have a directly analogous, or dual, expression in the other.  The reason for this can ultimately be traced to [[special relativity]], where applying the [[Lorentz transformation]] to the electric field will transform it into a magnetic field. These are special cases of [[Duality (mathematics)|duality in mathematics]].

* The [[electric field]] ({{math|'''E'''}}) is the dual of the [[magnetic field]] ({{math|'''H'''}}).
* The [[electric displacement field]] ({{math|'''D'''}}) is the dual of the [[magnetic flux density]] ({{math|'''B'''}}).
* [[Faraday's law of induction]] is the dual of [[Ampère's circuital law]].
* [[Gauss's law]] for electric field is the dual of [[Gauss's law for magnetism]].
* The [[electric potential]] is the dual of the [[Magnetic scalar potential|magnetic potential]].
* [[Permittivity]] is the dual of [[Permeability (electromagnetism)|permeability]].
* [[Electrostriction]] is the dual of [[magnetostriction]].
* [[Piezoelectricity]] is the dual of [[piezomagnetism]].
* [[Ferroelectricity]] is the dual of [[ferromagnetism]].
* An [[electrostatic motor]]  is the dual of a [[electric motor|magnetic motor]];
* [[Electret]]s are the dual of [[magnet|permanent magnets]];
* The [[Faraday effect]] is the dual of the [[Kerr effect]];
* The [[Aharonov–Casher effect]] is the dual to the [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]];
* The hypothetical [[magnetic monopole]] is the dual of [[electric charge]].

==See also==
* [[Maxwell's equations]]
* [[Duality (electrical circuits)]]
* [[List of dualities]]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Duality (Electricity And Magnetism)}}
[[Category:Electromagnetism]]
[[Category:Duality theories]]