View source for Lviv Centre of Institute for Space Research

{{short description|Lviv branch of the actual institute}}
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[[File:LC ISR international relations.jpg|thumb|LC ISR international relations]]
The '''Lviv Centre of Institute for Space Research'''<ref>{{Cite web |title=Lviv Centre of Institute of Space Research |url=https://www.isr.lviv.ua/ |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=www.isr.lviv.ua}}</ref> (LC ISR)''',''' is a research institute at [[Lviv]], [[Ukraine]]. It falls under the purview of '''the [[National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine|NASU]] and [[National Space Agency of Ukraine|NSAU]],''' ({{lang-uk|Львівський центр Інституту космічних досліджень НАН України та НКА України}}).

== Structure ==
At present{{When|date=February 2024|reason=}}, about one hundred specialists work at the center {{Citation needed|date=February 2023}}. Among them, one member belongs to the [[International Academy of Astronautics]], one Doctor of Sciences, and nine Candidates of Sciences (PHD).

LC ISR consists of three scientific departments and one laboratory, and performs fundamental and applied researches in the following interdisciplinary scientific directions:
* propagation theory and experimental study of [[electromagnetic fields]] in conducting media such as [[Plasma (physics)|plasma]], [[Soil|ground]] and [[Seawater|sea water]] 
* development of advanced sensors and systems for measuring the parameters of physical fields and data collection and processing for space industry and geophysical applications.

Development and production of flux-gate [[magnetometer]]s (FGM) and induction magnetometers (IM) with highest parameters values possible constitute the main LC ISR activity areas.

Reduction of weight, energy loss and noise level can be placed among the main directions of FGM and IM designing, which aims to reach world standards level. The centre with its engineering divisions has made a significant contribution in providing a solution to the large-scale fundamental and applied scientific problems, including:
* development of theoretical substantiation of [[lithosphere]]-[[ionosphere]] coupling through the [[acoustics|acoustic]] and atmospheric [[gravity waves]] with the aim to clarify mechanism of ionospheric earthquakes precursors formation
* development of the mechanism of [[earthquake]]s electromagnetic precursors recognition in focal area and designing specialized instruments for these precursors detection
* studying of electronic circuits interaction process with the aim to provide as low as possible sensitivity threshold of measuring devices for space, ground and sea bed applications
* development and adoption of new methodology to provide autonomous objects electromagnetic cleanliness, and to realize their [[calibration]] without operation process interruption
* adoption of space instrumentation development technology for manufacturing advanced geophysical systems, used for scientific research and raw materials prospecting (oil, gas etc.).

== Significant scientific achievements and development ==
Over ten different spatial experiments were carried out with the participation of LC ISR specialists. LC ISR proposed scientific conception of the first national scientific experiment “Variant” (укр. Варіант) on the board of [[artificial satellite]] “Sich-1M” with international scientific payload.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/sich-1m.htm|title = Sich 1M}}</ref> The measuring of the direct density of space current in plasma was performed for the first time here.

A generalized approach to the recognition of the precursory signals of earthquake preparation process when structural changes and anomalies occur in the Earth's crust was proposed.

A new physical effect – gamma–magnetic normalization of alloys with high magnetic permeability was discovered here and experimentally confirmed.

A general concept and theoretical basis of the construction of a high-sensitive geophysical system for active electromagnetic logging in wells to study anisotropy of rocks and to detect the near-surface inhomogeneities were created with the aim to develop new methods of mineral exploration.

The scientific concept and realization plan of the ground-spatial experiments “Ionosphere” and “Potential” were developed. Technical documents substantiating the above experiments were prepared. They were included in the [[State Space Agency of Ukraine#Space program|National Space Program of Ukraine]] from 2013 to 2015.

== Membership of Professional Societies ==
The LC ISR scientists are cooperating actively with the world community, to represent Ukraine in the:
* [[International Academy of Astronautics]] (IAA);
* [[COSPAR|Committee on Space Research]] (COSPAR);
* [[IAGA|International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy]] (IAGA);
* [[European Geosciences Union]] (EGU).

== Awards, Honours ==
* '''Christiaan Huygens Medal''' (2009): [[Valery Korepanov]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.egu.eu/awards-medals/christiaan-huygens/2009/valery-korepanov/|title = Valery Korepanov}}</ref>
* '''State Prize of Ukraine winner''' (2008): [[Valery Korepanov]] and [http://www.isr.lviv.ua/dudkin.htm Fedor Dudkin].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/8662.html |title=УКАЗ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА УКРАЇНИ № 1121/2008 - Офiцiйне представництво Президента України |accessdate=2012-11-15 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004220254/http://www.president.gov.ua/documents/8662.html |archivedate=2013-10-04 }}</ref>

== Publications ==
Selected publications ([http://www.isr.lviv.ua/publicat.htm Publications list]):
* V.Korepanov, Berkman R., New approach to the exact design of low noise search-coil magnetometers, XIV IMEKO World Congress, V. IVA, 1997, Topic 4, pp.&nbsp;97–102.
* V.Korepanov, Berkman R., Digital flux-gate magnetometer structural analysis, Meas. Sci. Technol., 10 (1999), pp.&nbsp;734–737.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iop/mst/1999/00000010/00000008/art00308 |title=Digital flux-gate magnetometer structural analysis: ingentaconnect |website=www.ingentaconnect.com |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714215013/http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iop/mst/1999/00000010/00000008/art00308 |archive-date=2014-07-14}}</ref>
* F.Dudkin, V.Korepanov, G. Lizunov. Experiment VARIANT - first results from Wave Probe instrument. Advances in Space Research. Volume 43, Issue 12, 1904-1909 (2009).
* Sopruniuk P.M., Klimov S.I., Korepanov V.E., Electric fields in space plasma, Kiev, NAUKOVA DUMKA, 1994, 190 p. (in Russian).
* В.Е.Koрeпaнoв, А.Н.Свенсон. Высокоточные неполяризующиеся электроды для наземной геофизической разведки. К. Наукова думка. 2007. 96 с. {{ISBN|978-966-00-0688-1}} (in Russian).

== Current projects ==
There are now 8 international space projects in which LC ISR is participating: OBSTANOVKA and CHIBIS-M <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://directory.eoportal.org/web/eoportal/satellite-missions/c-missions/chibis-m|title = Chibis-M - eoPortal Directory - Satellite Missions}}</ref> scheduled for International Space Station and RADIOASTRON (launch in 2010), [[Fobos-Grunt|PHOBOS-GRUNT]] (launch in 2011), RESONANCE (launch in 2012) – all of them with Russian scientists. LC ISR is also collaborating with scientists from India in the preparation of SENSE microsatellite scientific program and payload, Italy (ESPERIA project) and China (CSES microsatellite).

=== POPDAT ===
Problem-Oriented Processing and Database Creation for Ionosphere Exploration.<ref>http://www.popdat.org/downloads/press/press-release/LCISR_Press-Release.pdf {{Bare URL PDF|date=March 2022}}</ref> (started on June 1, 2011) <ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.isr.lviv.ua/popdat.htm|title=POPDAT}}</ref>

===Variant===
The major goal of the VARIANT project on board the SICH-1M satellite is to carry out the study of field-aligned currents as a part of Space Weather program. It includes direct measurements of current density in the ionosphere combined with the measurements of the magnetic and electric field fluctuations that can serve as new elements in the data set of signatures of the solar wind-[[magnetosphere]]-[[ionosphere]] coupling. The secondary goal of VARIANT experiment is the statistical study of minor seismogenic effects in the ionosphere and their comparison with the background noise statistical data set ([http://www.popdat.org/images/download-lists/presentations/09.%20Lviv%20Centre%20of%20Institute%20of%20Space%20Research%20-%20UA.pdf Presentation]).

===International Space Station environment study===
LC ISR is Co-PI of the international experiment OBSTANOVKA-1 on board the Russian segment of the [[International Space Station]] (ISS). The main goal of the experiment is to develop the methodology and instrumentation for EM phenomena investigation in the ISS environment. The automatic mini-buoys and necessary operation procedures needed to fulfill this goal are under development.

===Electromagnetic investigations at Ukrainian Antarctic Station “Akademik vernadsky”===
Three-component flux-gate magnetometer LEMI-008 have been installed in the [[Vernadsky Research Base]] "Akademik Vernadsky", which is a Ukrainian Antarctic Station at Marina Point on [[Galindez Island]] on the Argentine Islands, [[Antarctica]]. In January 2001, the equipment for satellite transmission of the magnetometer, which provides the communication via geostationary satellite GOES-E, was installed. On March 11, 2001, the permanent transmission of the LEMI-008 magnetometer data was started. The data is being accumulated on FTP-server after processing in the Canadian information center. Early in 2002, a new high-sensitivity system for magnetic fields 0.3–300&nbsp;Hz variations based on LEMI-112A sensors has been installed. It expands the range of on-site EMF studies and sets [[Vernadsky Research Base|Ukrainian Antarctic Station]] as one of the world's best equipped. LC ISR is responsible for the operation of the electromagnetic polygon there.

===Earthquakes monitoring===
Remote sensing as a tool of seismic hazards monitoring. The project to study the ULF electromagnetic phenomena related to [[earthquake]]s. Electromagnetic earthquake precursors monitoring methodology. Methodology of earthquakes preparatory zones location. Active electromagnetic monitoring of earthquakes.

===Other===
* [[Interball]]
* System for magnetometer [[calibration]]
* Sea bottom magnetic field study
* Magnetotelluric study
* Environment

== Advanced geophysical instrumentation manufacturing ==
Instruments produced with FGMs [[magnetotelluric]] stations LEMI-417.

* Flux-gate magnetometers
* [[Electromagnetic induction|Induction]] magnetometers
* Electric field sensors
* [[Magnetotelluric]] station
* [https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261710008_Automatic_meteomagnetic_station_for_atmospheric_gravity_waves_registration_in_Antarctica Meteomagnetic] station
* [https://geotechru.com/electro-prospecting-high-frequency-station-vega/ Electroprospecting station]
* System for magnetometer calibration
* [[Gas volume]] [[corrector]]s
* Portable subsurface EM sounder
* Instrumentation for scientific balloons
<gallery>
File:System for magnetometer calibration.jpg|System for [[magnetometer]] calibration
File:LEMI405.jpg|[[Magnetotelluric]] station
File:LEMI-120.jpg|Induction [[magnetometer]]
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[Ukrainian Optical Facilities for Near-Earth Space Surveillance Network]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.isr.lviv.ua Lviv Centre of Institute of Space Research]
* [http://lemisensors.com Laboratory for ElectroMagnetic Innovation]
* [http://www.orientbeta.com/product2.asp LC ISR's products] (in Chinese)
* [http://www.stcu.int/documents/reports/distribution/tpf/ipf/aerospace/ua/pdf/Lviv_Ins_Sp_Res.pdf Lviv Center of Institute for Space Research, Lviv]. Science and Technology Center in Ukraine
* [http://www.popdat.org/images/download-lists/presentations/09.%20Lviv%20Centre%20of%20Institute%20of%20Space%20Research%20-%20UA.pdf Lviv Centre of Institute of Space Research. Presentation]. popdat.org

{{coord missing|Ukraine}}
{{Engineering and Mathematical Institutes of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine}}

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