Stall torque

Stall torque is the torque produced by a mechanical device whose output rotational speed is zero. It may also mean the torque load that causes the output rotational speed of a device to become zero, i.e., to cause stalling. Electric motors, steam engines and hydrodynamic transmissions are all capable of developing torque when stalled.

Stall torque is often expressed in units of kg·cm.<ref>"How to Determine What Torque You Need for Your Servo Motors". Automatic Addison. 2020-10-11.</ref>

Electric motors

Electric motors<ref>Johns, W. E. (20 April 2010). "Notes on Motors".</ref> continue to provide torque when stalled. However, electric motors left in a stalled condition are prone to overheating and possible damage since the current flowing is maximum under these conditions.<ref name="ele">Thacher, Eric F. (2003). A Solar Car Primer. Nova Science Publishers. p. 86. ISBN 978-1-59033-308-2.</ref>

The maximum torque an electric motor can produce in the long term when stalled without causing damage is called the maximum continuous stall torque.<ref name="ele"/>

Hydrodynamic transmissions

A hydrodynamic torque multiplier (torque converter) produces stall torque when the load prevents the turbine (output stage) from rotating while the pump (input stage) is being driven. In most cases, damage due to overheating occurs if the stall condition persists for any significant length of time.

Combustion engines

In the case of a petrol (gasoline) or Diesel engine, the stall torque may refer to the torque load that causes the engine to stall. The actual amount of torque is dependent on engine RPM and throttle opening.