Research fellow
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A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator.
Although research fellow positions vary in different countries and academic institutions, in general it indicates junior researchers who develop their research careers under the guidance of senior researchers.
India
In India, the position of research fellowship is provided to scholars from various streams like science, arts, literature, management and others. Research fellowship is funded by government academic and research institutes, and private companies as well. Research fellows research under the supervision of experienced faculty, professor, head of department, Dean on two different posts known as Junior Research Fellowship (JRF) and senior research fellow (SRF). Research organisations like ICAR, CSIR, UGC, ICMR, SERB recruit research fellows through National Eligibility Test. After the completion of pre-defined tenure, JRF can be considered for senior research fellowship based on research fellow's performance & interview conducted by committee by research institute, research fellow is working with. There are multiple academic institutions that conduct research based Fellow Programmes in India. Some of these institutions include Institute of Management Technology, Ghaziabad, Indian Institute of Management Calcutta, Indian Institute of Management Shillong, Indian School of Business Mohali, National School of Leadership Pune and XLRI - Xavier School of Management Jamshedpur,Kunwar Viyogi Memorial Trust Uttar Pradesh.
Russian Federation
In the Russian Federation, the position and title research fellow is unknown; however, there is a broadly similar position of (Russian: Научный сотрудник, lit. 'scientific worker'). This position normally requires a degree of Candidate of Sciences approximately corresponding to the PhD. More senior positions normally require, in addition to the aforementioned degree, a track record of publications or certified inventions, as well as practical contributions to major research and development projects.<ref>"Квалификационный справочник: Ведущий научный сотрудник" [Qualification Requirements for Positions of Managers, Specialists and other Employees]. aup.ru (in русский). Archived from the original on 2010-04-01. Retrieved 2010-05-29.</ref>
| Translation (variant) | Original | Russian abbreviation | Scientific degree or job seniority required | Number of publications required |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| junior researcher | младший научный сотрудник | м. н. с. | Candidate of Sciences or 3 years | 1 in 5 years |
| researcher | научный сотрудник | н. с. | Candidate of Sciences or 5 years | 3 in 5 years |
| senior researcher | старший научный сотрудник | с. н. с. | Candidate of Sciences or 10 years | 5 in 5 years |
| leading researcher | ведущий научный сотрудник | в. н. с. | Doctor of Sciences or Candidate of Sciences (in exceptionary cases) | 7 in 5 years |
| principal researcher | главный научный сотрудник | г. н. с. | Doctor of Sciences | 10 in 5 years |
South Africa
Research fellows in South Africa are considered an asset to research organisations and universities. There are highly ranked universities such as University of the Witwatersrand, University of Stellenbosch Business School, and Rhodes University which offer fellowships to South African nationals in certain fields of research.<ref>"Research Fellowship in South Africa"</ref>
United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom a research fellow is a broad category, used to indicate a scholar on a research-oriented professional development track. In many universities a research fellow is a career grade of a Research Career Pathway, following on from a postdoctoral position such as research associate, and may be open-ended, subject to normal probation regulations. For some universities, research career grades roughly correspond to the grades of the academic pathway in the following way: research fellow (a lower or same grade as a lecturer),<ref>"Academic Promotions University College London". ucl.ac.uk. 25 September 2017. Retrieved 2019-01-11.</ref> principal research fellow—reader, whereas senior research fellow is somewhere between a lecturer and senior lecturer or associate professor.<ref>"Academic Promotions University College London". ucl.ac.uk. 25 September 2017. Retrieved 2019-01-11.</ref> Some universities such as Cambridge restricts Professorial grades only to academics who have excelled in both teaching and research.<ref>"Promotion levels at Cambridge University". hr.admin.cam.ac.uk. 30 June 2014. Retrieved 2019-01-11.</ref> Outside of faculty appointments, the title of "Research Fellow" or "Senior Research Fellows" can be also used as honorary or temporary awarded "fellowships" to distinguished academics by research institutes or colleges, usually from different institutions.<ref>"All Souls College Oxford: Categories of Fellowship". asc.ox.ac.uk. Retrieved 2018-07-29.</ref>
Professorial Fellows
Professorial Fellows are the most senior professorships at a university. They are members of the College's Governing Body.<ref>"College Fellowship". University College Oxford.</ref>
Senior Research Fellows
Senior Research Fellowships (SRFs) are awarded to researchers with "academic standing comparable to that of a distinguished research professorship at a major university."<ref>"TRINITY COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOWSHIPS". FundIt.</ref> They recognize scholars with distinguished research records and publications.<ref>"Master & Fellows". Trinity College Cambridge.</ref> This position originated in the 15th century as a way of allowing scholars time and funding to pursue independent research without having teaching duties.<ref>Clark, William (2008). Academic Charisma and the Origins of the Research University. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press. p. 146.</ref>
As with the professorial fellows, senior research fellows are research-only posts, with the rise of the career grade there will normally be a formal requirement of a moderate amount of teaching and/or supervision (often at postgraduate level). At All Souls College, Oxford, senior research fellows are 7-year long positions that are equivalent to a tenured position in the United States.<ref>"Senior Research Fellowships". All Souls College, Oxford.</ref> This position is equivalent to a full professorship.<ref>"Not one of them". Times Higher Education.</ref>
Junior Research Fellows
List of research fellowships
| Funding body | Fellowship |
|---|---|
| Wellcome Trust | |
| Leverhulme Trust |
|
| Royal Society | |
| Royal Academy of Engineering | |
| British Academy |
See also
References
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