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In the 18th century, [[Age of Enlightenment|Enlightenment]] philosophers applied the term ''obscurantist'' to any enemy of intellectual enlightenmen ...entist who correctly perceived obscurantism as a contributing cause of the French Revolution in 1789.]] ...

...inder. This was a big discovery for scientist and was shared among others. French scientist and philosopher [[Blaise Pascal]] used the idea that was discover ...

...tological" refers to [[ontology]], the philosophical study of what exists. Philosophers often treat naturalism as equivalent to [[materialism]]. ...20th century, [[Willard Van Orman Quine]], [[George Santayana]], and other philosophers argued that the success of naturalism in science meant that scientific meth ...

...ng of the physical [[universe]]. However, disagreement continues between [[philosophers]] over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or ...nently and independently of whether there was any matter in the space.<ref>French, A.J.; Ebison, M.G. (1986). ''Introduction to Classical Mechanics''. Dordre ...

{{Short description|French sociologist, technology critic, and Christian anarchist}} | era = [[20th-century philosophy]] ...

...ng|grc|αἴσθησις κοινὴ}} (''{{transliteration|grc|aísthēsis koinḕ}}''), and French ''{{lang|fr|bon sens}}'', but these are not straightforward translations in ...ffecting both the [[American Revolution|American]] and [[French Revolution|French revolution]]s.<ref name="hund" /> Today, the concept of common sense, and h ...

...out anthropomorphic habits of thought."<ref>{{Cite book|title=The Worldly Philosophers: The Lives, Times And Ideas Of The Great Economic Thinkers|last=Heilbroner| ...e a choice regarding the outcome (autonomous technology). The 20th century French philosopher and social theorist [[Jacques Ellul]] could be said to be a har ...

...in a contradiction without being a paradox. "This statement is written in French" is an example of a contradictory self-referential statement that is not a ...ncise mathemathical proof is the [[Birthday problem|birthday paradox]]. In 20th-century science, [[Hilbert's paradox of the Grand Hotel]], [[Schrödinger's cat]], [ ...

...ibutes of Music'', 1770. This [[still life]] painting depicts a variety of French Baroque musical instruments, such as a [[natural horn]], [[transverse flute ...hs185>{{harvnb|Sachs|1940|p=185}}</ref> Early [[Chinese philosophy|Chinese philosophers]] such as [[Confucius]] (551–479 BC), [[Mencius]] (372–289 BC), and [[Laozi ...

* [[French language|French]] {{lang|fr|[[wikt:raison|raison]]}} is derived directly from Latin, and th ...], [[Thomas Hobbes]], and [[John Locke]] also routinely wrote in Latin and French, and compared their terms to Greek, treating the words "{{transliteration|g ...

...that Gray "has made greater variety of electrical experiments than all the philosophers of this and the last age.")<ref name=Clark/>{{Page needed|date=October 2015 ...lel current-carrying wires experience magnetic force in a meeting of the [[French Academy of Science]], exactly one week after Ørsted's announcement of his d ...

...1=Will|title=The story of philosophy : the lives and opinions of the great philosophers of the western world|date=2012|publisher=Simon and Schuster|location=New Yo ...ns about the speed of a falling body. [[Antoine Lavoisier]] (1743–1794), a French chemist, used experiment to describe new areas, such as [[combustion]] and ...

...Giorgio Vasari's Lives of the Artists ({{circa|1550}}), the corresponding French word, renaissance, was adopted into English as the term for this period dur ...)|perspective]] and light more naturally. [[Political philosophy|Political philosophers]], most famously [[Niccolò Machiavelli]], sought to describe political life ...

...to 79 AD, shows many Greek philosophers and scholars|alt=Framed mosaic of philosophers gathering around and conversing]] ...rticular god. For this reason, it is claimed that these men were the first philosophers in the strict sense and the first to clearly distinguish "nature" and "conv ...

...a subject of discussion, including [[journalism]] and everyday life. Some philosophers view the concept of truth as basic, and unable to be explained in any terms Various theories and views of truth continue to be debated among scholars, philosophers, and theologians.<ref name="SEP Truth"/><ref name=PUP32014>{{cite book|auth ...

...[[fracture|cracks]] and stripes.{{sfn|Stevens|1974|page=3}} Early [[Greek philosophers]] studied pattern, with [[Plato]], [[Pythagoras]] and [[Empedocles]] attemp ...spots and stripes. The Hungarian biologist [[Aristid Lindenmayer]] and the French American mathematician [[Benoît Mandelbrot]] showed how the mathematics of ...

Philosophers in [[Classical antiquity|antiquity]] used the concept of force in the study ...eory is used in practice.<ref name="thornton-marion"/> Notable physicists, philosophers and mathematicians who have sought a more explicit definition of the concep ...

...{Sfn|Salomon|1984|pages=114–115}} At the time, ''Technologie'' (German and French) referred either to the academic discipline studying the "methods of arts a ...e bourgeoisie who were its ostensible masters and possessors." Third-stage philosophers like [[Don Ihde]] and [[Albert Borgmann]] represent a turn toward de-genera ...

...toine Lavoisier]] and [[Benjamin Franklin]] (18th century), many different philosophers, scientists and magicians throughout the 19th and early 20th century up unt In 1968, the [[Association française pour l'information scientifique|French Association for Scientific Information]] (AFIS) was founded. AFIS strives t ...

...>Typically, [[analytic language]]s.</ref> (e.g. English, [[French language|French]], [[German language|German]]) and "free-word-order" languages<ref>Typicall ...xample, the English ''actual'' should not be confused with the [[cognate]] French {{lang|fr|actuel}} ("present", "current"), the Polish {{lang|pl|aktualny}} ...