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...absorbing species. Consequently, this is often referred to as [[absorption spectroscopy]], and the plotted quantity is called "absorbance", symbolized as {{nowrap| ...}(1-\alpha)</math>.}} If a sample both transmits and [[Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy#Remission|remits light]], and is not luminescent, the fraction of light abs ...

...mission spectrum. Each element's emission spectrum is unique. Therefore, [[spectroscopy]] can be used to identify elements in matter of unknown composition. Simila ...at many wavelengths allow the identification of a substance via [[emission spectroscopy]]. ...

{{About|the astronomical phenomenon||}} ...seen in the [[astronomical spectroscopy|spectroscopic]] observations of [[astronomical]] objects, and are used in terrestrial technologies such as [[Doppler radar ...

...re constant might actually vary examined the [[spectral line]]s of distant astronomical objects and the products of [[radioactive decay]] in the [[Oklo]] [[natural |journal=[[Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society]] ...

* 1854 – [[Gustav Robert Kirchhoff]], physicist and one of the founders of [[spectroscopy]], publishes [[Kirchhoff's circuit laws|Kirchhoff's Laws]] on the conservat ...nts of stellar diameters at [[Mount Wilson Observatory]] (see [[history of astronomical interferometry]]) ...

...measured directly using a spectroscope such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR).<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Saad |first1=Abdullah A. |last2=Martinez The emissivity of a planet or other astronomical body is determined by the composition and structure of its outer skin. In ...

...se [[Compton wavelength]] and can be determined through various forms of [[spectroscopy]]. In relativistic quantum mechanics, mass is one of the irreducible repre ...] sought employment with [[Tycho Brahe]], who had some of the most precise astronomical data available. Using Brahe's precise observations of the planet Mars, Kep ...

...for exoplanet transit spectroscopy in the mid-infrared|journal=Journal of Astronomical Telescopes, Instruments, and Systems|volume=7|issue=1|pages=011004|doi=10.1 ...

...owner of [[Carl Zeiss AG]], a German manufacturer of research microscopes, astronomical telescopes, planetariums and other optical systems.<ref>{{cite book|title=A ...can nuclear physicist who was known for her experimental work in [[nuclear spectroscopy]] of light elements, and for her annual reviews of the energy levels of lig ...

...title=Radiative Processes in Astrophysics | journal=[[Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada]] | volume=75 | date=1981 | bibcode=1981JRASC..75..161S | ...ed by small particles: A personal review | journal=Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer | volume=113 | issue=18 | date=2012 | doi=10.1016/j. ...

...]]. Its most important experimental techniques are the various types of [[spectroscopy]]; [[scattering]] is also used. The field is closely related to [[atomic ph ...es: electrons and nuclei) are often seen as rigid bodies (see [[Rotational spectroscopy#Classification of molecules based on rotational behavior|classification of ...