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{{Short description|Property of particles}} ...|first=David |last=Griffiths |year=1987 |title=Introduction to Elementary Particles |publisher=John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |section="4.6 Parity"}}</ref> To see tha ...

{{Short description|Property of elementary particles}} ...ressed as a [[quantum number]], for describing [[Particle decay|decay]] of particles in [[Strong interaction|strong]] and [[Electromagnetic interaction|electrom ...

{{particles}} [[Category:Hypothetical elementary particles]] ...

| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=MiyQDwAAQBAJ&q=%22virtual+particles%22+%22conservation+of+energy%22&pg=PA118 ...random fluctuations in the values of the fields which represent elementary particles, such as [[electric field|electric]] and [[magnetic field]]s which represen ...

...nter-of-momentum frame]] exists for the system<!-- note there are massless particles -->, then the invariant mass of a system is equal to its total mass in that ...of the bottle, and thus also its rest mass. The same is true for massless particles in such system, which add invariant mass and also rest mass to systems, acc ...

{{Short description|Energy required to separate particles}} ...remove a particle from a system of particles or to disassemble a system of particles into individual parts.<ref>{{cite book|title=Modern Physics from α to Z°|la ...

...the oscillatory pattern of both objects. In [[particle physics]], <dfn>two particles are coupled </dfn>if they are connected by <dfn>one of the four </dfn>[[Fun ...ly, such as with [[globular cluster]]s and [[galaxy group]]s. When smaller particles, such as dust, which are coupled together over time accumulate into much la ...

...iated through a given area, in the form of [[photon]]s or other elementary particles, typically measured in W/m².<ref>{{cite web|url=http://glossary. ...

...b]] (kg/C). It is most widely used in the [[electrodynamics]] of [[charged particles]], e.g. in electron optics and [[ion optics]]. ...mass-to-charge ratio, according to classical electrodynamics, is that two particles with the same mass-to-charge ratio move in the same path in a vacuum, when ...

...elementary charge]] and ''m'' is the mass of the ion.<ref>In SI units, the elementary charge ''e'' has the value 1.602×10⁻¹⁹ [[Coulomb|C]], the mass o ...he Sun's surface. Before this discovery, it was unclear why the solar wind particles would heat up instead of cool down, when speeding away from the Sun's surfa ...

...n]], etc. (Note that light in this context is described as consisting of [[elementary particle|particle]]s, i.e., [[photon]]s.) Typical absorption cross section ...

...cribe other systems, different quantum numbers are required. For subatomic particles, one needs to introduce new quantum numbers, such as the [[flavour (particl ...models set the stage for the development of quantum numbers for elementary particles in the remainder of the 20th century.<ref name=Giulini/> ...

...lways created, keeping the net amount of charge unchanged. Similarly, when particles are destroyed, equal numbers of positive and negative charges are destroyed | title = Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics ...

...flavor]] symmetry; the gauge bosons are the [[pion]]s. The pions are not [[elementary particle]]s, and the symmetry is only approximate. It is a special case of ...ve, these generate the global [[SU(6)]] flavor symmetry of the fundamental particles; this symmetry is [[Gell-Mann–Okubo mass formula|badly broken]] by the mas ...

...g Debye screening wave vector <math>k_{\rm D}=1/\lambda_{\rm D}</math> for particles of density <math>n</math>, charge <math>q</math> at a temperature <math>T</ ...articles and plasmas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SBNNzUrTjecC&q=particles+plasmas+inauthor:Clemmow&pg=PP1 |author=PC Clemmow & JP Dougherty |isbn=978 ...

...c oscillator]] at each point. Excitations of the field correspond to the [[elementary particle]]s of [[particle physics]]. Thus, according to the theory, even th ...in most cases shortly annihilate each other and disappear. However, these particles and antiparticles may interact with others before disappearing, a process w ...

...tron]]s); [[List of particles#Composite particles|composites of elementary particles]] ([[proton]]s and [[neutron]]s{{mdash}}as of the nucleus of an atom); and where {{math|d'''m'''}} is the elementary magnetic moment and {{math|d''V''}} is the [[volume element]]. The net magn ...

{{Short description|Species of elementary particle}} ...physics]], '''flavour''' or '''flavor''' refers to the ''species'' of an [[elementary particle]]. The [[Standard Model]] counts six flavours of [[quark]]s and si ...

| otherunits = {{Unbulleted list|[[elementary charge]]|[[Faraday constant|faraday]]|[[ampere-hour]]}} ...rges, multiples of {{sfrac|1|3}}''e'', but they are found only combined in particles that have a charge that is an integer multiple of ''e''. In the [[Standard ...

...netic field strength ''B'' is given (in [[SI]] units)<ref>In SI units, the elementary charge ''e'' has the value 1.602×10⁻¹⁹ [[coulomb]]s, the mass of where <math>e</math> is the [[elementary charge]] and <math>m</math> is the mass of the electron. For the commonly u ...