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...ed analyte in [[mass spectrometry]], particularly with [[Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance]] mass spectrometers. It can also be used to follow the An ion in a static and uniform magnetic field will move in a circle due to the [[L ...

...will provide enough energy for an [[atmospheric gas]] to break into its [[ion]]s, or form a plasma, such as in a [[Laser-Induced Plasma Channel]], for ex ...ly evolve into a hot, low-voltage [[electric arc]] if the electrical power source can continue to deliver sufficient power to the arc. Plasma channels tend t ...

==ECR ion sources== ...ller (physicist)|Richard Geller]],<ref>R. Geller, Peroc. 1st Int. Con. Ion Source, Saclay, p. 537, 1969</ref> Dr. [[Claude Lyneis]], and Dr. H. Postma;<ref>{ ...

...BIT.svg|thumb|right|Schematics of an electron beam ion trap. Red: electron source filament, blue: electron beam, black: [[electrodes]], green: magnet. The th ...etism|electromagnetic]] bottle that produces and confines [[highly charged ion]]s. An EBIT uses an [[electron beam]] focused with a powerful magnetic fiel ...

...nt products. The electric current would ideally be produced by a renewable source of power.<ref name="pmid20714445">{{cite journal | vauthors = Nevin KP, Woo ...ower source and the microorganisms is then sufficient to reduce [[hydrogen ion]]s to molecular [[hydrogen]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.scientificb ...

...ist|author4= W. M. Itano|author5= D. J. Wineland | title = Minimization of ion micromotion in a Paul trap | journal = Journal of Applied Physics | volume *[[Quadrupole ion trap]] ...

...[electrodynamics]] of [[charged particles]], e.g. in electron optics and [[ion optics]]. ...ctric field]], and '''v''' &times; '''B''' is the [[cross product]] of the ion's [[velocity]] and the [[magnetic flux density]]. ...

{{About|high voltage-induced sprays|mass spectrometry ion formation|electrospray ionization}} ...J. |author2=Zhou, F. M. | title = Characterization of an electrospray ion source as a controlled-current electrolytic cell | journal = [[Analytical Chemistr ...

...ncreases, and the inrush current will increase as the voltage of the power source increases. This second parameter is of primary concern in high voltage powe ...1 amperes in 10 milliseconds. If that same circuit is activated by a 610 V source, then the inrush current would approach 670 A in 10 milliseconds. It is wis ...

A '''backup battery''' provides power to a system when the primary source of power is unavailable. Backup batteries range from small single cells to ...he make and model, and so if the battery runs flat, there is only one main source of power to the whole system which is the mains power. Should this fail as ...

...i and other particles, <math>\omega_i</math> is the gyrofrequency for that ion, <math>\nu_e</math> is the collision frequency for the electron, and <math> ...rag (physics)|drag]] on the ionospheric [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] due to ion‐neutral collisions.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cowley |first1=Stanley W.H. |las ...

...|thumbnail|right|'''A sketch of Earth's magnetic field''' representing the source of Earth's magnetic field as a magnet The [[north pole]] of Earth is near t The [[ion]]s and [[electron]]s of a [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] interacting with the ...

| genre = [[Open-source software|Open Source]] ...for 6 months, bringing his experience from his work on the Advanced Photon Source (APS) Control System to the project. The resulting software was renamed EPI ...

...ejection temperature. The unique feature of the AMTEC cycle is that sodium ion conduction between a high-pressure or -activity region and a low-pressure o ...gy converter]], uses a similar concept of pumping positive ions through an ion-selective membrane, using hydrogen rather than an alkali metal as the worki ...

* '''[[deep reactive-ion etching]] (DRIE)''' – process that creates deep, steep-sided holes and tren * '''DRIE''' – see deep reactive-ion etching ...

...imulation|modelling of process steps]] (such as [[Dopant|diffusion]] and [[ion implantation]]), and [[Semiconductor device modeling|modelling of the behav ...[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/search/wrapper.jsp?arnumber=1050511 Design of ion-implanted MOSFETs with very small physical dimensions], IEEE Jour. Solid-St ...

...sulators]], or even through a [[vacuum]] as in [[electron beam|electron or ion beams]]. The electric current flows in a constant direction, distinguishing ...[voltage source]] is constant as is the current through a direct [[current source]]. The DC solution of an [[electric circuit]] is the solution where all vol ...

...by collisions, and reduce the energy transferred to the electrodes by the ion impact. Gases with high molecular weight, e.g. xenon, protect the electrode ...eionize slowly, limiting the switching speed of mercury-filled thyratrons. Ion bombardment with mercury ions of even relatively low energies also graduall ...

...uthority |date=December 2004 |title=Drug name suffix confusion is a common source of errors |journal=PA PSRS Patient Saf Advis |volume=1 |issue=4 |pages=17–1 ===Ion-exchange resin=== ...

...al being processed (the "workpiece"). In operation, the gun cathode is the source of thermally emitted electrons that are both accelerated and shaped into a ...tool in this area; arrangement of atoms and ions has been performed using ion or electron beams for many years. New applications concern nanocluster and ...