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...rfaces can be seen as consisting of large numbers of [[asperity (materials science)|asperities]]. As two solid bodies of the same material approach one anothe ==Surface structure== ...

...ts for the contribution of the radial current to the magnetic field on the surface.<ref>{{harvnb|Olsen|Glassmeier|Jia|2010}}</ref> ...xternal currents). Ionospheric currents would be exterior to the planet's surface, but might be internal currents from the vantage point of a satellite orbit ...

...procating]] arm. The arm repeatedly and rapidly draws the glass across the surface of the leather, with significant downward pressure, as the operator moves t | url = http://science.discovery.com/fansites/howitsmade/howitsmade.html ...

The phrase ''inertial damper'' is actually misused in [[science fiction]] to describe a device that negates inertia and removes it from sur ...all with fluid/gel between. For more forceful motion absorption and higher surface area, a paddle wheel or toothed gear is used, with a similarly ribbed or st ...

{{About|transmission through a ''volume''|transmission through a ''surface''|Surface transmittance}} In [[optical physics]], '''transmittance''' of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in transmitting [[radiant energy]]. It i ...

...electronic states. Sometimes the small amount of deposited material over a surface has a weak contribution to the [[Photoemission spectroscopy|photoemission s ...the photon energy can enhance a small amount of material deposited over a surface, otherwise the display of the different spectra won't be possible.<ref>{{ci ...

...epresent a [[force]] per unit [[length]], they have been referred to as "[[surface tension]]", which contributes further to the confusion in the literature. ==Thermodynamics of surface stress== ...

...gan|first3=Eve|last4=Linjama|first4=Jukka|series=Lecture Notes in Computer Science |volume=7282 |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-31401-8_54}}</ref> and [[Disney Researc ...rized, and this induced charge creates a force between that finger and the surface. He named this phenomenon "electrically induced vibrations".<ref name=Malli ...

| publisher = [[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]] * [[Building science|Residential/building science]] ...

...ect. Because objects are never perfectly flat due to [[Asperity (material science)|asperities]], the actual contact area (on a [[microscopic]] scale) is usua ...the [[Electric current|current]] that flows through that area (through the surface of an [[electrode]] to another electrode, for example.) ...

...|power per volume|power per unit mass|Power-to-weight ratio|power per area|Surface power density|power per frenquency|Power spectral density}} ...t=Jelley|first=N. A. (Nicholas Alfred), 1946-|title=A dictionary of energy science|isbn=978-0-19-182627-6|location=Oxford|oclc=970401289}}</ref>It is typicall ...

...surface(s) in contact called the [[normal force]], and one parallel to the surface(s) in contact, called the [[friction]] force.<ref name = "PGC"/> .... Chemical and physical origins of friction on surfaces with atomic steps. Science advances, 5(8), eaaw0513.</ref> in the latter phenomena, in order to allow ...

...d for a simplest case of the magnetic dipole over the flat superconducting surface.]] ...ion generated by a magnet (a system of magnets) outside an infinitely flat surface of a [[Ideally hard superconductor|perfectly hard]] (with infinite [[pinnin ...

...ic structure such as a [[drop (liquid)|water drop]]. Cohesion allows for [[surface tension]], creating a "solid-like" state upon which light-weight or low-den ...ux from a canopy. Among the forces that govern drop formation: cohesion, [[surface tension]], [[Van der Waals force]], [[Plateau–Rayleigh instability]]]] ...

** [[Surface engineering]] ...eering]] &ndash; branch of engineering behind the design, construction and science of aircraft and spacecraft. It is broken into two major and overlapping bra ...

...s, [[Outline of astronomy|astronomy]] and [[Outline of earth science|Earth science]] benefit from space technology.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hall|first=Loura|date= The first probe to impact the surface of the Moon was the Soviet probe [[Luna 2]], which made a hard landing on S ...

...ration in the borehole, DOWS systems pump the petroleum-rich stream to the surface and inject the water-rich stream into a different zone or formation accessi ...pletion (oil and gas wells)|completed]] to pump all produced fluids to the surface where the fluids will be [[separator (oil production)|separated]] into the ...

...asting and climate. The absorption of solar light at or near the planetary surface increases the temperature gradient and may result in [[convection]] (a majo [[Surface weather analysis|Meteorological fronts]] are regions where the horizontal t ...

{{short description|Classic science experiment demonstrating the Archimedes' principle and the ideal gas law}} A '''Cartesian diver''' or '''Cartesian devil''' is a classic [[science]] experiment which demonstrates the principle of [[buoyancy]] ([[Archimedes ...

*[[BET theory|Specific internal surface area]] *[[Surface energy]] ...