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Summary
DescriptionNegative resistance stability regions CCNR.svg
English: A typical characteristic curve of a current-controlled (CCNR or "S" type) negative differential resistance device, showing stable, unstable, and bistable load line regions. A DC bias current Ibias sets the operating point (Q1) in the middle of the negative resistance region where the device has differential resistance Δv/Δi = -r, as shown by the DC load line (DCL). The AC load line, set by the AC impedance Z facing the device, passes through the Q point at a different angle depending on Z. Increasing Z causes the load line to rotate counterclockwise.
if Z > r(green region) the load line intersects the curve once at Q1 so the circuit is stable.
if Z = r(line L2) the net resistance of the circuit, R+r = 0, so the circuit is unstable and will oscillate.
If Z < r(red region) the load line intersects the curve three times, at Q1, Q2, and Q3. The middle point Q1 is unstable, but the two outer operating points are stable, so the circuit is bistable. This biasing can be used to make flip-flops.
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