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...tion velocity, due to mechanisms that eventually limit the movement of the carriers in the material.<ref>''GaAs Devices and Circuits'', Michael Shur, pp. 310-3 ...ases from that point, the carrier velocity no longer increases because the carriers lose energy through increased levels of interaction with the lattice, by em ...

...[magnetic field]]. Pedersen currents emerge in a material where the charge carriers collide with particles in the conductive material at approximately the same ...ge carriers and the conductive medium, mobility is very low and the charge carriers are basically stationary.<ref name=Coxon>{{cite thesis |degree=PhD |last=Co ...

...chETD:etd-12022004-160245]; "N=2 Supergravity Theory With A Gauged Central Charge", ''Phys. Lett. B'', '''76''', (1979), pp.&nbsp;329-332. {{doi|10.1016/0370 [[Category:Force carriers]] ...

...ce]] (CCD) or other photodetector, it is the ratio between the number of [[charge carrier]]s collected at either terminal and the number of [[photon]]s hitti *'''External quantum efficiency (EQE)''' is the ratio of the number of charge carriers collected by the solar cell to the number of photons of a given energy ''sh ...

...r density, not to the overall temperature of the device. Since the charge carriers can become trapped in the gate dielectric of a [[MOSFET|MOS transistor]], t ...effective temperature. This greater energy affects the mobility of charge carriers and as a consequence affects how they travel through a semiconductor device ...

...his is called an [[electrical conductor]]. A material that has few charge carriers will conduct very little current with a given electric field and has a high ...ulating substance, at a certain field strength the concentration of charge carriers in the material suddenly increases by many orders of magnitude, so its resi ...

{{Short description|Electric charge treated as continuously distributed in space}} ...r the charged atoms or molecules left behind in the solid can form a space charge region. ...

...lectricity'' refers generally to the movement of [[electrons]], or other [[charge carrier]]s, through a [[Electrical conductor|conductor]] in the presence of ...s) in and surrounding the cable, caused by the presence of electric charge carriers, interacting with the electric field component, and magnetic dipoles, inter ...

...years later.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Gomez, A |author2=Tang, K |title = Charge and fission of droplets in electrostatic sprays. | journal = [[Physics of F ...ure. This field leads to liquid polarization: the negative/positive charge carriers migrate toward/away from the electrode where the voltage is applied. At vol ...

...ast1 = Savitzky| first1 = B.| title = Bending and breaking of stripes in a charge ordered manganite| journal = Nature Communications| volume =8| issue =1| pa , and it is not limited to the two-dimensional case. The charge order transition is accompanied by [[symmetry breaking]] and may lead to [[ ...

...constant ''B'' is related to the energies required to form and move the [[charge carrier]]s responsible for electrical conduction{{snd}} hence, as the value ...in charge-carrier concentration. This results in a higher number of charge carriers available for recombination, increasing the conductivity of the semiconduct ...

...ation by a [[memristor|memresistive]] effect in the flow of photogenerated carriers. The term was coined by Dr Amador Perez-Tomas working in collaboration with ...ferroelectric layer can be seen as a semiconductor with switchable surface charge polarity. Because of this tuneable dipole effect, ferroelectrics bend their ...

{{short description|Object or material which allows the flow of electric charge with little energy loss}} ...n object or type of [[material]] that allows the flow of [[Electric charge|charge]] ([[electric current]]) in one or more directions. Materials made of [[met ...

...a₂Cu₃O_6+x: Inclusion of electron spin and charge degrees of freedom }}</ref> It is also the driving force for the coupling of heat and charge transport in [[Thermoelectric effect|thermoelectric materials]], via the [[ ...

...a negative charge on the top (symbolized by the blue color) and a positive charge on the bottom (red color). In '''B''' and '''C''', the direction of the ele ...ince its value depends on the type, number, and properties of the [[charge carriers]] that constitute the current. ...

...ory of the incoming electrons and positive ions, separating the opposite [[charge carrier]]s according to their sign. As negative and positive charges are sp In an MHD accelerator, the Lorentz force accelerates all charge carriers in the same direction whatever their sign, as well as neutral atoms and mol ...

...d in real transistors, mainly due to [[carrier recombination]] as [[charge carriers]] cross the [[depletion region]]. ...[elementary charge]] (the magnitude of an [[electron]]'s [[Electric charge|charge]]). ...

..._{\rm D}=1/\lambda_{\rm D}</math> for particles of density <math>n</math>, charge <math>q</math> at a temperature <math>T</math> is given by <math> k_{\rm D} .../math> different species of charges, the <math>j</math>-th species carries charge <math>q_j</math> and has [[concentration]] <math>n_j(\mathbf{r})</math> at ...

| name = Electric charge | caption = [[Electric field]] of a positive and a negative point charge ...

...special class of solid electrolytes, where [[hydrogen ion]]s act as charge carriers. One notable example is [[superionic water]]. The important case of fast ionic conduction is one in a surface space-charge layer of ionic crystals. Such conduction was first predicted by [[Kurt Leho ...