Search results

...physics]], the '''Kondo effect''' describes the scattering of [[conduction electrons]] in a metal due to [[Magnetic impurity|magnetic impurities]], resulting in ...ttering of [[Atomic orbital|s-orbital]] conduction electrons off d-orbital electrons localized at impurities ([[Kondo model]]). Kondo's calculation predicted th ...

...hen the substance made of this particle is diamagnetic; if it has unpaired electrons, then the substance is paramagnetic. ...plied field. The permanent moment generally is due to the spin of unpaired electrons in [[Atomic orbital|atomic]] or [[Molecular orbital|molecular electron orbi ...

...: 4508–4511. [[doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.76.4508]]</ref> where semiconductor electrons move through the [[Brillouin zone]], just to return to where they started, ...12.015]]</ref> Also simple states, such as [[plasma (physics)|plasma]] and correlated electron–hole plasma<ref name="KiraKoch2006"/> can be monitored or modified ...

[[File:Electrona in crystallo fluentia.svg|thumb|300 px|right|Drude model electrons (shown here in blue) constantly bounce between heavier, stationary crystal ...ively immobile ions in the metal that act like obstructions to the flow of electrons. ...

...of [[phonon]]s, and diffusion and collisions of [[Free electron model|free electrons]]. In [[gas]]es and [[liquid]]s, conduction is due to the collisions and [[ ...gh the solid. Phonon flux is still present but carries less of the energy. Electrons also conduct [[electric current]] through conductive solids, and the [[ther ...

...be inherent, an effect of the thermodynamic distribution of the number of electrons on the capacitor, even without the involvement of a resistor. ...sqrt{ k_\text{B} T / C }</math> !! <math>\sqrt{ k_\text{B} T C }</math> !! Electrons ...

...hases]] that arise from [[electromagnetic]] forces between [[atom]]s and [[electrons]]. More generally, the subject deals with condensed phases of matter: syst .../> Drude's model described properties of metals in terms of a gas of free electrons, and was the first microscopic model to explain empirical observations such ...

...(MHD) forces]] from the quasi-neutral fluid of superconducting protons and electrons existing in a neutron [[superfluid]] accelerate iron nuclei to UHECR veloci ...ov | first3=Zaza | last4=Chkheidze | first4=Nino | title=Ultra High Energy Electrons Powered by Pulsar Rotation | journal=Scientific Reports | publisher=Springe ...

...oxides]] or [[organic conductors]]. Due to the strong interaction between electrons, [[charge (physics)|charges]] are localized on different sites leading to ...

...photons, and as [[spinor]]s and [[bispinor]]s for other particles such as electrons. Spinors and bispinors behave similarly to [[Euclidean vector|vectors]]: th Quantitative calculations of spin properties for electrons requires the Dirac's [[Dirac equation|relativistic wave equation]].<ref nam ...

...n]] described "two spatially separated particles which have both perfectly correlated positions and momenta"<ref name=Colloquium >{{Cite journal |last1=Reid |fir ...hared randomness is allowed, i.e., <math>\lambda_A,\lambda_B</math> can be correlated), then one can average over this distribution to obtain a formula for the j ...

...c of double-slit experiment in which Aharonov–Bohm effect can be observed: electrons pass through two slits, interfering at an observation screen, and the inter ...icipation so that the trajectories behave in a correlated manner, becoming correlated and separated into different, non-overlapping sets (which we call ‘channels ...

...nsity and the scattering mechanism. Its value for a gas of non-interacting electrons (typical carriers in good metallic conductors) is 2.72×10^-13 esu ...etals and nonmetals. In metals, heat conductivity is primarily due to free electrons. Following the [[Wiedemann–Franz law]], thermal conductivity of metals is a ...

...lacks an energy [[band gap]] and essentially changes all the rules for how electrons move through a graphene based device.<ref name = Westervelt2008/> This mea ...s hydrophobic surfaces are found to have inversely correlated and directly correlated relationships respectively.<ref name=Barton11/> ...

...ge of non-magnetic materials by affecting the motion of their outer atomic electrons. Magnetic fields surround magnetized materials, and are created by electric ...b|url=http://education.jlab.org/qa/pen_number.html|title=How many protons, electrons and neutrons are in an atom of krypton, carbon, oxygen, neon, silver, gold, ...

...first to discover galactic redshifts, in about the year 1912, while Hubble correlated Slipher's measurements with distances he [[cosmic distance ladder|measured [[Image:Gravitional well.jpg|thumb|[[Matter waves]] (protons, electrons, photons, etc.) falling into a [[gravity well]] become more energetic and u ...

...|url-status=live }}</ref> he mathematically perfected Lorentz's theory of electrons in order to bring it into accordance with the postulate of relativity. Whil ...rticles briefly interacting and then flying apart so that their states are correlated, anticipating the phenomenon known as [[quantum entanglement]].<ref name="I ...

...alyses of the oldest known assemblage of microfossils document their taxon-correlated carbon isotope compositions |year=2017 |journal=[[Proceedings of the Nation ...of Earth's magnetic field in space defines the [[magnetosphere]]. Ions and electrons of the solar wind are deflected by the magnetosphere; solar wind pressure c ...