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[[Category:Experimental physicists]] ...

==Experimental measurement== There are several experimental techniques for the determination of transport numbers.<ref name="lacey.se"/ ...

...[[YouTube]]|date=2009|access-date=17 October 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Some physicists, such as [[Lawrence Krauss]], [[Stephen Hawking]] or [[Alexander Vilenkin]] ==Experimental constraints== ...

...rmodynamics only apply to equilibrium systems. However, consensus amongst physicists is that this is unknown as the nature of vacuum energy remains an unsolved ...etical predictions regarding the field strength of vacuum energy, specific experimental conditions involving the position of the moon are recommended in the theore ...

...s|url=https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091011071349.htm|title=Physicists Measure Elusive 'Persistent Current' That Flows Forever|date=October 12, 20 In 2009, physicists at [[Stanford University]] using a scanning SQUID<ref>{{Cite journal|journa ...

...which has been attributed to a form of energy called [[dark energy]]. Some physicists speculate that a form of dark energy called [[quintessence (physics)|quinte ==Experimental approaches== ...

...active areas of research in both [[theoretical physics|theoretical]] and [[experimental physics]].<ref name="NYT-20230911">{{cite news |last=Overbye |first=Dennis }}</ref> A large share of the published output of theoretical physicists consists of proposals for various forms of "Beyond the Standard Model" new ...

|quote=Physics is an ''experimental'' science. Physicists observe the phenomena of nature and try to find patterns and principles tha ...nary research field, applying theories and methods originally developed by physicists to solve problems in economics ...

...r is unsatisfactory. To begin with, it is sufficient to refer to papers by physicists, written say during the first twelve years following the first publication ...stream/lecturesontenbri00macfrich#page/18/mode/2up Lectures on Ten British Physicists of the Nineteenth Century]'', link from Internet Archive</ref> ...

...98">{{cite book|author=Giorgio Bertotti|title=Hysteresis in Magnetism: For Physicists, Materials Scientists, and Engineers|url=https://books.google.com/books?id= ==Experimental determination== ...

...in [[ultracold atom]]ic systems, and [[liquid crystals]]. Condensed matter physicists seek to understand the behavior of these phases by experiments to measure v ...s-date=27 March 2012}}</ref> These include solid state and [[soft matter]] physicists, who study [[quantum mechanics|quantum]] and non-quantum physical propertie ...

...red important. Then, in 1956, a careful review and analysis by theoretical physicists [[Tsung-Dao Lee]] and [[Yang Chen-Ning|Chen-Ning Yang]]<ref> ...ntested in the [[weak interaction]]. They proposed several possible direct experimental tests. They were mostly ignored,{{citation needed|date=December 2017}} but ...

...arent violation of the GZK limit has inspired cosmologists and theoretical physicists to suggest other ways that circumvent the limit. These theories propose tha ...1966 |title=Upper limit of the spectrum of cosmic rays |journal=Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics Letters |volume=4 |pages=78–80 |bibcode=1966JETPL.. ...

.../01/J_F_Clauser_1978_Rep._Prog._Phys._41_002_bell_test.pdf Bell's theorem. Experimental tests and implications.]" Reports on Progress in Physics 41.12 (1978): 1881 ...ng specific values of correlations between entangled particles. Subsequent experimental [[Bell test|tests]] have shown that some quantum effects do violate [[Bell' ...

...onsblackholesq00whee/page/163 163]|isbn=9780393046427}}</ref> This has led physicists to consider [[electromagnetic field]]s to be a physical entity, making the ...with the need for a background medium, this development opened the way for physicists to start thinking about fields as truly independent entities.<ref name=Wein ...

...hey first must be detached from the [[atom]]s of the cathode. In the early experimental [[cold cathode]] vacuum tubes in which cathode rays were discovered, called After the 1654 invention of the [[vacuum pump]] by [[Otto von Guericke]], physicists began to experiment with passing high voltage electricity through [[rarefie ...

...ng the theory of residues,<ref>{{cite book |title=Mathematical Methods for Physicists |url=https://archive.org/details/mathematicalmeth00arfk |url-access=registr At low frequencies, the KK test can be used to verify whether experimental data are reliable. In battery practice, data obtained with experiments of d ...

...umental work by J. D. Jackson, the book from which most current-generation physicists took their first course."<ref name="Russ" /> James Russ, an experimental high-energy physicist at the [[Carnegie Mellon University]], was of the opi ...

...l|1.1|e=-10}}. This value and uncertainty are about the same as the latest experimental results.<ref> Further refinement of the experimental value was published by the end of 2020, giving the value ...

...that does not possess two-fold rotational symmetry results in a 3D-chiral experimental arrangement, except for the special case when the structure has a line of m ...rcular polarization#Handedness conventions|convention]] is needed. Optical physicists tend to determine handedness from the perspective of an observer looking to ...