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The '''measure''' in [[quantum physics]] is the integration [[measure (mathematics)|measure]] used for per In [[quantum field theory]], one must sum over all possible histories of a system. ...

...H</math> is the Hamiltonian. Thus, charges are associated with conserved [[quantum number]]s; these are the eigenvalues of the generator <math>Q</math>. ...for example, the gauge field of electromagnetism is the [[electromagnetic field]]; and the gauge boson is the [[photon]]. ...

In [[quantum mechanics]], the '''intrinsic parity''' is a [[phase factor]] that arises a ...f name="Griffiths" />{{rp|123}} As <math>[P,H]=0</math> the [[Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)|Hamiltonian]] is invariant under a parity transformation. The in ...

{{For|related articles|Quantum vacuum (disambiguation)}} ...ef>{{Cite web|title=Derek Leinweber|url=http://www.physics.adelaide.edu.au/theory/staff/leinweber/VisualQCD/ImprovedOperators/index.html|access-date=2020-12- ...

...h of the applied magnetic field for all angles between the current and the field but the angle of 0° when they are parallel: in this configuration of the fi ...-handed chiral [[fermions]] is linked to the topology of fields in [[gauge theory]] by the [[Atiyah-Singer index theorem]]. ...

...ics)|fields]], including the [[gravitational field]] and various [[quantum field]] effects. ...gative.<ref>[[Alan Guth]]'' The Inflationary Universe: The Quest for a New Theory of Cosmic Origins'' (1997), Random House, {{ISBN|0-224-04448-6}} Appendix A ...

...|QED]] implies the conservation of the [[electric charge]]. Likewise, if a theory possesses an internal chiral or axial symmetry, there will be a conserved q ...antum Field Theory in a Nutshell: Second Edition |title-link=Quantum Field Theory in a Nutshell |date=2010-02-01 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn= ...

...rs when the [[magnetic field]] of <dfn>one atom affects the </dfn>magnetic field of another nearby atom. This is very common in [[Magnetic resonance imaging == Quantum mechanics == ...

...bsite=www.eng.cam.ac.uk|language=en|access-date=3 October 2018}}</ref> The field first became identifiable in the early 21st century. ...telligence]], [[control theory]], [[signal processing]], and [[information theory]], and more applied fields such as [[computer vision]], [[natural language ...

...hich is studied in the sub-branch of [[coherence theory (optics)|coherence theory]]. ...">{{cite book|author=Pyotr Ya. Ufimtsev|title=Fundamentals of the Physical Theory of Diffraction|date=9 February 2007|publisher=John Wiley & Sons|isbn=978-0- ...

...math>\Box </math> is the [[D'Alembert operator]], or the [[electromagnetic field tensor]]: == Quantum field theory == ...

...ge fields couple to conserved currents. For example, the [[electromagnetic field]] couples to the [[charge conservation|conserved electric current]]. ...existence of a symmetry. Conserved currents play an important role in the theory of [[partial differential equation]]s, as the existence of a conserved curr ...

...iolate [[cubic symmetry]] and therefore generate an inhomogeneous electric field at the position of the nucleus. ...FG is in the order of 10²¹V/m². [[Density functional theory]] has become an important tool for methods of [[nuclear spectroscopy]] to c ...

{{Short description|Mathematical object that describes the electromagnetic field in spacetime}} ...h-redirect|Electromagnetic field strength|Electric field strength|Magnetic field strength}} ...

...ook|last1=Cao|first1=Tian Yu|title=Conceptual Foundations of Quantum Field Theory|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=d0wS0EJHZ3MC|date=25 March 2004|publi ...can be seen in the study of [[time evolution]] equations of classical and quantum physics. ...

{{For|articles related to vacuum energy|Quantum vacuum (disambiguation)}} {{Quantum mechanics}} ...

...com/books?id=vrcHC9XoHbsC&q=van+vleck+paramagnetism&pg=PA166|title=Quantum Theory of Magnetism|last2=Ramakanth|first2=Anupuru|date=2009-10-03|publisher=Sprin The [[magnetization]] of a material under an external small magnetic field <math>\mathbf{H}</math> is approximately described by ...

...mogenized [[magnetic field]] to be able to produce [[direct current]]. The theory of PHG is explained using [[Maxwell's equations]]. This term unifies all de ...ity (electromagnetism)|permeability]] or material that excludes [[magnetic field]] under normal temperatures): US5144179 (A), DE102012022152 (A1), CN1671030 ...

...mechanics|quantum mechanical]] [[Aharonov–Bohm effect]], where instead the field is exactly static inside and null outside. ....<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Oliver Lodge|year=1889|title=On an Electrostatic Field produced by varying Magnetic Induction|url=https://archive.org/details/s5ph ...

...as [[O. V. Konstantinov]] and [[V. I. Perel]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Field theory of non-equilibrium systems|last=Kamenev|first=Alex|date=2011|publisher=Camb ...t5=Chiocchetta |first5=Alessio |title=Shape effects of localized losses in quantum wires: Dissipative resonances and nonequilibrium universality |journal=Phys ...