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...nergy''' or '''chromodynamic binding energy''' is the [[energy]] binding [[quark]]s together into [[hadron]]s. It is the energy of the [[field (physics)|fie ...otons-and-neutrons |title=Protons and Neutrons: The Massive Pandemonium in Matter |last1=Strassler |first1=Matt |date=15 April 2013 |website=Of Particular Si ...

{{see also|Strangeness and quark–gluon plasma}} ...orldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/1653|title=The Quark Structure of Matter|publisher=World Scientific|year=1992|isbn=978-981-02-0962-9| series=World S ...

...an also be described by some of the [[family symmetries]] proposed for the quark-lepton generations. ...]'s overall flavour quantum numbers depend on the numbers of [[constituent quark]]s of each particular flavour. ...

...}</ref> In the former meaning the term is predominantly used in condensed matter physics, atomic physics, and chemistry, whereas in nuclear physics the term ...addresses the mass and kinetic energy of the parts that bind the various [[quark]]s together inside a [[hadron]]. This energy derives from the [[strong inte ...

...are measured by their magnetic moments. The nucleons interact with normal matter through either the [[nuclear force]] or their magnetic moments, with the ch ...magnetic moments were puzzling and defied a valid explanation until the [[quark model]] for [[hadron]] particles was developed in the 1960s. The nucleons ...

...[[baryon asymmetry|matter–antimatter asymmetry]], and the nature of [[dark matter]] and [[dark energy]].<ref name=sym-v2-feb-05>{{cite web ...tandard Model does not supply any fundamental particles that are good dark matter candidates. ...

=== Matter&ndash;antimatter asymmetry === From the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the universe, one suspects that there must be a sizeable ...

...ject at that point. This did not change the physics in any way: it did not matter if all the gravitational forces on an object were calculated individually a ...' field due to a pure [[magnetic dipole moment]] '''m''' found in ordinary matter (''not'' from monopoles).]] ...

{{short description|Electromagnetic property of matter}} ...harge''' (symbol ''q'', sometimes ''Q'') is the [[physical property]] of [[matter]] that causes it to experience a [[force]] when placed in an [[electromagne ...

...heir relation to [[energy]], [[entropy]], and the physical properties of [[matter]] and [[radiation]]. The behavior of these quantities is governed by the fo ...stems as [[heat]], as [[Work (thermodynamics)|work]], and with transfer of matter.<ref>{{cite book | author=Van Ness, H.C. | title=Understanding Thermodynami ...

...work.jpg|thumb|[[Thermal energy]] is energy of microscopic constituents of matter, which may include both [[kinetic energy|kinetic]] and [[potential energy]] |potential energy that [[Binding energy|binds]] [[quark]]s to form [[hadron]]s ...

{{Short description|State of matter}} ...rendon Press |year=1940}}</ref> It is the most abundant form of [[ordinary matter]] in the [[universe]], mostly in [[star]]s (including the [[Sun]]), but als ...

| label3 = Mass (ordinary matter) ...Baryon#Baryonic matter|Ordinary (baryonic)]] [[matter]] (4.9%)<br />[[Dark matter]] (26.8%)<br />[[Dark energy]] (68.3%)<ref name="planck2013parameters" /> ...

...]] since the [[#Kinematic integrals|work done on the load]] is the same no matter how complicated the machine.<ref name=FeynmanVol1 />{{rp|at=ch.12}}<ref nam ...d [[point particle]]s rather than three-dimensional objects. In real life, matter has extended structure and forces that act on one part of an object might a ...

...aryon]]ic matter, and some theoretical predictions of the amount of [[dark matter]], account for about 30% of this critical density, with the rest contribute ...fine-tuned universe|fine-tuned]] to permit the formation of commonly found matter and subsequently the emergence of life.<ref>[http://math.ucr.edu/home/baez/ ...

| 5×10⁴{{nbsp}}J || Kinetic energy of 1 gram of matter moving at 10&nbsp;km/s<ref>Calculated: E = 1/2 m×v{{sup|2}} = 1/2 × (1{{e| | Theoretical minimum energy required to accelerate 1&nbsp;kg of matter to [[escape velocity]] from Earth's surface (ignoring atmosphere)<ref>{{cit ...

..., P. |title=Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: With Applications in Condensed Matter and Atomic Physics |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=1998 |url=ht ...r RQMs is the failure of conservation of particle number, for example in [[matter creation]] and [[annihilation]].<ref>{{cite book |author=Messiah, A. |year= ...

...n the research of [[Max Planck]]. While Planck was trying to explain how [[matter]] and electromagnetic radiation could be in [[thermal equilibrium]] with on ...gh-energy photons such as [[gamma ray]]s lose energy while passing through matter.<ref>{{harvnb|Alonso|Finn|1968|loc=Section 9.3}}.</ref> That process is the ...

...fields, whose [[Quantum|quanta]] are [[fermions]] (i.e., [[lepton]]s and [[quark]]s), and [[Force field (physics)|force field]]s, whose quanta are [[boson]] ...ed states of the underlying [[quantum vacuum]], and that all properties of matter are merely vacuum fluctuations arising from interactions of the zero-point ...

|work=The Particle Adventure: The Fundamentals of Matter and Force ...03-350-2 |quote=...&nbsp;boson: A force-carrying particle, as opposed to a matter particle (fermion). Bosons can be piled on top of each other without limit. ...