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...ted to energy products and services (taxes, exemptions, [[energy subsidies|subsidies]], etc.) ...

...ast2=Antonelli |first2=Cristiano |date=2011 |title=Matthew Effects and R&D Subsidies: Knowledge Cumulability in High-Tech and Low-Tech Industries |journal=Worki ...

...ote the production and development of alternative energies, there are many subsidies, rewards, and incentives that encourage companies to take up the challenge ...

...nia Utility</ref> A disadvantage is that the industry requires significant subsidies. An examination of government figures show that in 2007, for every [[kilow | title = Federal Financial Interventions and Subsidies in Energy Markets in 2007 ...

Since 1977 for the purposes of its subsidies to university research the [[Government of Canada]], under the [[GOSA Act]] ...

...ww.elistore.org/Data/products/d19_07.pdf |title=Estimating U.S. Government Subsidies to Energy Sources: 2002–2008|publisher= [[Environmental Law Institute]] |ar ...respectively.<ref>{{DoE|article=Direct Federal Financial Interventions and Subsidies in Energy in Fiscal Year 2016|url=https://www.eia.gov/analysis/requests/sub ...

...mounted to $550 billion in 2013, more than four times [[renewable energy]] subsidies. In this scenario,<ref>[http://www.iea.org/publications/freepublications/pu ...

...agreement on price without state intervention in the form of [[taxes]], [[subsidies]] or [[regulation]]. Whilst this is an idealized view, it would be hard to ...

=== Subsidies === Russia channels extensive subsidies its coal industry due to its importance for export earnings, mining communi ...

...t3=Dermot J. |date=February 2008 |title=Implied Objectives of U.S. Biofuel Subsidies |url=https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1480&context=ca ...als about electricity consumption. Intentional market distortions (such as subsidies), and unintentional market distortions (such as split incentives) may work ...

...s. Typical activities involved in this system function are investments and subsidies. They can also involve the deployment of generic infrastructures such as ed ...

* <small>Government subsidies not included.</small> Capital costs may be offset by government subsidies; for example, Ontario offered $7000 for residential systems installed in t ...

...its-utility-subsidies/ World Bank report on Water, Electricity and Utility subsidies] ...

...by the German [[Ordoliberalism|ordoliberal]] school as to eliminate state subsidies advocated by the French [[Dirigisme|dirigiste]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=W Governments may fund science through different instruments such as: direct subsidies, tax credits, loans, financial instruments, regulatory measures, public pro ...

{{Further|Energy Taxation Directive|Aviation taxation and subsidies#European Union}} ...ng their products in the EU up to 88% below market prices, backed by state subsidies. In response, the [[European Council]] imposed tariffs on solar imported fr ...

...d to cover the news, and revenue that comes from political advertising and subsidies. ...

...rst2=Hilde|publisher=Ashgate|year=2009}}</ref> The abundance of energy and subsidies for natural gas, electricity and heating have also hampered growth of renew ...gne|last3=Overland|first3=Indra|date=1 February 2010|title=Reducing Energy Subsidies in China, India and Russia: Dilemmas for Decision Makers|url=https://www.re ...

...dies are holding back clean energy |url=https://qz.com/soaring-fossil-fuel-subsidies-are-holding-back-clean-en-1849467945 |access-date=2022-09-04 |website=Quart ...

[[David Cameron]] announced subsidies for the [[North Sea oil]] and gas industry in March 2014 resulting in the p ...support of renewable sources of electricity in the UK, and should provide subsidies approaching one billion [[pounds sterling]] per annum by 2010. A number of ...

...ces in manufacturing efficiency and photovoltaic technology, combined with subsidies driven by environmental concerns, have dramatically accelerated the deploym ...