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...the context of properties and/or applications in which [[atomic electronic transition]] is pertinent. The word electromaterials is a compound form of the [[Ancie ...ductor]] materials electronic bands determine which transitions may occur. Metals, in which the conduction band is permanently populated, may also be conside ...

...is a useful approximation for the magnetic properties of many [[transition metals]]. ...| last4=Terakura | first4=K. | title=Generalized Slater-Pauling curve for transition-metal magnets | journal=IEEE Transactions on Magnetics | publisher=Institut ...

...rally exhibit much larger electronic entropies than the free-electron like metals. Configurational electronic entropy is usually observed in mixed-valence transition metal oxides, as the charges in these systems are both localized (the syste ...

...urface roughness. This can also occur during the open-to-close (''MAKE'') transition due to [[contact bounce]]. ...ctric arc]] occurs between the contact points (electrodes) both during the transition from closed to open (''BREAK'') and from open to closed (make) when the con ...

...hods using the EFG's sensitivity to local changes, like defects or [[Phase transition|phase changes]]. In crystals the EFG is in the order of 10²¹V/m< ...=Reiner J. Vianden|year=1979|title=The electric field gradient in noncubic metals|journal=Reviews of Modern Physics|volume=51|issue=1|pages=161–214|doi=10.11 ...

...e transition]] occurring mostly in strongly correlated materials such as [[transition metal oxides]] or [[organic conductors]]. Due to the strong interaction bet , and it is not limited to the two-dimensional case. The charge order transition is accompanied by [[symmetry breaking]] and may lead to [[ferroelectricity] ...

...ials including metals, ceramics and polymers. However, the permeability of metals is much lower than that of ceramics and polymers due to their crystal struc ...o matching [[thermal expansion]]s of the [[glass]] body and the metal, the transition is working. ...

...ates. There are many possible electron transitions for each atom, and each transition has a specific energy difference. This collection of different transitions, ...light]]. The frequency of light emitted is a function of the energy of the transition. ...

...e <math>\Delta</math> is the magnitude of the [[energy gap]] opened by the transition. * [[Peierls transition]] ...

|+ Selected Pauli-paramagnetic metals<ref name="magneticValues">{{Cite web|url=http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.e ...n that band's energy, implying a weak magnetism. This is why s- and p-type metals are typically either Pauli-paramagnetic or as in the case of gold even diam ...

...[[thermoelectric effect]], i.e., generating a voltage when its dissimilar metals (thermocouples) are exposed to a temperature difference.<ref name=":0" /> ...l and there is a difference in temperature between junctions and points of transition from one metal to another, a current is produced as if generated by a diffe ...

...od]], most organic compounds such as petroleum and some plastics, and many metals including [[copper]], particularly the heavy ones with many [[core electron ...onductivity|conductivity]] (left) to [[superconductivity]] (right). At the transition, the [[superconductor]] expels the magnetic field and then acts as a perfec ...

...lly]] in relays. The surfaces where contacts touch are usually composed of metals such as silver or gold alloys<ref name="Matsushita">Matsushita Electronics, * [[Platinum group|Platinum-group metals]] ...

...tabase]</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=J. M. |last=Ziman |title=Electrons in Metals: A short Guide to the Fermi Surface |publisher=Taylor & Francis |location=L ...ttps://arxiv.org/abs/1406.2948 "ARPES experiment in fermiology of quasi-2D metals (Review Article)" (2014)] ...

...y and inductive (H) mode with high plasma density, and E to H heating mode transition occurs with external inputs.<ref>Hyo-Chang Lee (2018) Review of inductively A great variety of ceramics, metals and metal alloys have been successfully spheroidized/densified using induct ...

...le=Perturbed γ−γ angular correlations: A spectroscopy for point defects in metals and alloys | journal=Hyperfine Interactions | publisher=Springer Science an ...o-called anisotropy, which is an intrinsic property of the nucleus in this transition, it comes with the surrounding electrical and/or magnetic fields to a perio ...

===Elemental vapors (metals and nonmetals)=== *Vapors of many metals, alone or together with a noble gas, are used in many [[laser]]s. ...

...of metal or carbides or borides of transition metals. Vacuum emission from metals tends to become significant only for temperatures over {{convert|1000|K|C F ...nction]]. The work function is characteristic of the material and for most metals is on the order of several [[electronvolt]]s. Thermionic currents can be in ...

{{short description|Physical process of transition between basic states of matter}} ...the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point. ...

...e physics" was often associated with restricted industrial applications of metals and semiconductors. In the 1960s and 70s, some physicists felt the more com ...n]] could be liquefied under the right conditions and would then behave as metals.<ref name=davy-1839>{{cite book |editor-last=Davy |editor-first = John |tit ...