Solution stack

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"Software stack" redirects here. For other uses, see Stack (disambiguation) § Computing.

In computing, a solution stack or software stack is a set of software subsystems or components needed to create a complete platform such that no additional software is needed to support applications.<ref name="CDESolution15">"Solution stack". Computer Desktop Encyclopedia. The Computer Language Company. 2015. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref> Applications are said to "run on" or "run on top of" the resulting platform.

For example, to develop a web application, the architect defines the stack as the target operating system, web server, database, and programming language. Another version of a software stack is operating system, middleware, database, and applications.<ref>Mimoso, Michael S. (24 February 2003). "Red Hat: Linux served at vertical data center dinner tables". SearchEnterpriseLinux.com. Retrieved 2009-08-09.</ref> Regularly, the components of a software stack are developed by different developers independently from one another.

Some components/subsystems of an overall system are chosen together often enough that the particular set is referred to by a name representing the whole, rather than by naming the parts. Typically, the name is an acronym representing the individual components.<ref name="BealAcronym07">Beal, V. (7 September 2007). "Acronym Guide to Web Stacks". Webopedia. Quinstreet, Inc. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref>

The term "solution stack" has, historically, occasionally included hardware components as part of a final product, mixing both the hardware and software in layers of support.<ref name="FergusonSpecial02">Ferguson, R. (2002). Using Microsoft SharePoint Portal Server. Que Publishing. p. 616. ISBN 9780789725707.</ref><ref name="AndersonSAP03">Anderson, G.W. (2003). SAP Planning: Best Practices in Implementation. Sams. p. 13. ISBN 9780789728753.</ref>

A full-stack developer is expected to be able to work in all the layers of the application (front-end and back-end). A full-stack developer can be defined as a developer or an engineer who works with both the front and back end development of a website, web application or desktop application.<ref>Amir, Masroor. "Full Stack Developer - Complete Roadmap | Technologies in 2023". The Geeks Bot | A Computer Science Site for geeks. Retrieved 2023-04-27.</ref> This means they can lead platform builds that involve databases, user-facing websites, and working with clients during the planning phase of projects.

Examples

OS-level stacks

BCHS<ref name="DzonsonsBCHS">Dzonsons, K. "BCHS Stack". Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref>
OpenBSD (operating system)
C (programming language)
httpd (web server)
SQLite (database)
Ganeti<ref name="GanetiInstall">"Ganeti installation tutorial". Ganeti Documentation. Google, Inc. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref>
Xen or KVM (hypervisor)
Linux with LVM (mass-storage device management)
Distributed Replicated Block Device (storage replication)
Ganeti (virtual machine cluster management tool)
Ganeti Web Manager (web interface)
GLASS<ref name="GlynnABegin15">Glynn, A. (3 June 2015). "A Beginners' Guide to Installing and Configuring GLASS: Gemstone 64/S Smalltalk / Seaside / Application Server / Object Database Server Environment". Horizons of Identity. Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref>
GemStone (database and application server)
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
Smalltalk (programming language)
Seaside (web framework)
LAMP<ref name="FramptonComplete18">Frampton, M. (2018). Complete Guide to Open Source Big Data Stack. Apress. p. 7. ISBN 9781484221495.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LEAP<ref name="KaislerObtain15">Kaisler, S.H.; Amour, F.; Espinosa, A.; Money, W.H. (2015). Obtaining Value from Big Data for Service Delivery. Business Expert Press. p. PT69. ISBN 9781631572234.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Eucalyptus (free and open-source alternative to the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud)
AppScale (cloud computing-framework and free and open-source alternative to Google App Engine)
Python (programming language)
LEMP/LNMP<ref name="LEMPHome">"LEMP Stack Info". LEMP.io. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Nginx (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LLMP<ref name="JohnstonSetting09">Johnston, C. (18 February 2009). "Setting up a LLMP Stack (Linux, Lighttpd, MySQL, PHP5) on Ubuntu 8.10". ChrisJohnston.org. Archived from the original on 5 February 2019. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Lighttpd (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
LYME and LYCE<ref name="SamkoughSolution16">"Solution Stack". Idiosyncratic Knowledge. 9 July 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2016.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Yaws (web server, written in Erlang)
Mnesia or CouchDB (database, written in Erlang)
Erlang (functional programming language)
MAMP<ref name="CoucouvanisGetYour07">Coucouvanis, N. (2007). "Get Your Wiki On". Mac Life (5): 83–86. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Mac OS X (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming languages)
LAPP<ref name="RittinghouseCloud17">Rittinghouse, J.W.; Ransome, J.F. (2017). Cloud Computing: Implementation, Management, and Security. CRC Press. p. PT184. ISBN 9781351615365.</ref>
Linux (operating system)
Apache (web server)
PostgreSQL (database management systems)
Perl, PHP, or Python (scripting languages)
MLVN<ref>Sharma, A. (2018). "Chapter 2: Introducing MEVN". Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 6–30. ISBN 9781788830775.</ref>
MongoDB (database)
Linux (operating system)
Varnish (software) (frontend cache)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
WAMP<ref name="AMPPS-WAMP">"WAMP". Softaculous Ltd. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Windows (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming language)
WIMP<ref name="AWSTutorialWIMP">"Tutorial: Installing a WIMP Server on an Amazon EC2 Instance Running Windows Server". AWS Documentation. Amazon Web Services, Inc. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Windows (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP, Perl, or Python (programming language)
WINS<ref name="EvgenHowTo18">Evgen (28 January 2018). "How to Choose Your Technology Stack for Web Development". GBKSOFT Blog. GBKSOFT Dev LLC. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
.NET (software framework)
SQL Server (database)
WISA<ref name="SachdevaWhich09">Sachdeva, B. (27 May 2009). "Which Web Application Stack Is Best for Me?". developer.com. QuinStreet, Inc. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
SQL Server (database)
ASP.NET (web framework)
WISAV/WIPAV
Windows Server (operating system)
Internet Information Services (web server)
Microsoft SQL Server/PostgreSQL (database)
ASP.NET (backend web framework)
Vue.js (frontend web framework)

OS-agnostic web stacks

ELK<ref name="ChhajedLearning15">Chhajed, S. (2015). "Chapter 1: Introduction to ELK Stack". Learning ELK Stack. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 1–22. ISBN 9781785886706.</ref>
Elasticsearch (search engine)
Logstash (event and log management tool)
Kibana (data visualization)
GRANDstack<ref name="GrandStack">"GRANDStack". Retrieved 24 Dec 2019.</ref>
GraphQL (data query and manipulation language)
React (web application presentation)
Apollo (Data Graph Platform)
Neo4j (database management systems)
Jamstack<ref name="Jamstack">"JAMstack". Retrieved 5 July 2018.</ref>
JavaScript (programming language)
APIs (Application programming interfaces)
Markup (content)
MARQS<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
Apache Mesos (node startup/shutdown)
Akka (toolkit) (actor implementation)
Riak (data store)
Apache Kafka (messaging)
Apache Spark (big data and MapReduce)
MEAN<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
AngularJS/Angular (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
MERN<ref name="WilsonMERN18">Wilson, E. (2018). "Chapter 1: Introduction to the MERN Stack". MERN Quick Start Guide. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 7–13. ISBN 9781787280045.</ref>
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
React.js (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
MEVN<ref>Sharma, A. (2018). "Chapter 1: Introducing MEVN". Full-Stack Web Development with Vue.js and Node. Packt Publishing Ltd. pp. 6–30. ISBN 9781788830775.</ref>
MongoDB (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
Vue.js (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
NMP<ref name="LunaProg17">Luna, F. (2017). Programador Web Full Stack: Desarrollo frontend y backend. RedUSERS. pp. 17–18.</ref>
Nginx (web server)
MySQL or MariaDB (database)
PHP (programming language)
OpenACS<ref name="OpenACSWhatIs">"OpenACS: What it is and why to use it". OpenACS.org. OpenACS Community. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
NaviServer (web server)
OpenACS (web application framework)
PostgreSQL or Oracle Database (database)
Tcl (scripting language)
PERN<ref>"Learn the PERN Stack by building a web app - Full video course". freeCodeCamp.org. 2020-03-20. Retrieved 2021-06-19.</ref>
PostgreSQL (database)
Express.js (application controller layer)
React (JavaScript library) (web application presentation)
Node.js (JavaScript runtime)
PLONK
Prometheus (metrics and time-series)
Linkerd (service mesh)
OpenFaaS (management and auto-scaling of compute)
NATS (asynchronous message bus/queue)
Kubernetes (declarative, extensible, scale-out, self-healing clustering)
SMACK<ref name="FramptonComplete18" />
Apache Spark (big data and MapReduce)
Apache Mesos (node startup/shutdown)
Akka (toolkit) (actor implementation)
Apache Cassandra (database)
Apache Kafka (messaging)
T-REx<ref>"TerminusDB on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 2020-10-14.</ref>
TerminusDB (scalable graph database)
React (JavaScript web framework)
Express.js (framework for Node.js)
XAMPP<ref name="AFXAMPP">"XAMPP Apache + MariaDB + PHP + Perl". Apache Friends. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
cross-platform (operating system)
Apache (web server)
MariaDB or MySQL (database)
PHP (programming language)
Perl (programming language)
XRX<ref name="McCrearyXRX">McCreary, D. "XRX". danmccreary.com. Retrieved 6 July 2018.</ref>
XML database (database such as BaseX, eXist, MarkLogic Server)
XQuery (Query language)
REST (client interface)
XForms (client)

See also

Look up stack in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

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