Global information system
Global information system is an information system which is developed and / or used in a global context. Some examples of GIS are SAP, The Global Learning Objects Brokered Exchange and other systems.
Definition
There are a variety of definitions and understandings of a global information system (GIS, GLIS), such as
- A global information system (GIS) is an information system which is developed and / or used in a global context.<ref>Pawlowski, J.M.: Globale Informationssysteme (Global Information Systems). In: Kurbel, K., Becker, J., Gronau, N., Sinz, E., Suhl, L. (Eds.): Online Lexikon Wirtschaftsinformatik Online Encyclopedia Business Information Systems Archived 2010-01-18 at the Wayback Machine, Oldenbourg, 2008.</ref>
- A global information system (GIS) is any information system which attempts to deliver the totality of measurable data worldwide within a defined context.
Common to this class of information systems is that the context is a global setting, either for its use or development process. This means that it highly relates to distributed systems / distributed computing where the distribution is global. The term also incorporates aspects of global software development and there outsourcing (when the outsourcing locations are globally distributed) and offshoring aspects. A specific aspect of global information systems is the case (domain) of global software development.<ref>Sangwan, R., Bass, M., Mullick, N., Paulish, D.J., Kazmeier, J. (2006): Global Software Development Handbook, Auerback Publications, 2006. ISBN 0-8493-9384-1</ref> A main research aspect in this field concerns the coordination of and collaboration between virtual teams.<ref>Carmel, E. (1999): Global Software Teams: Collaborating Across Borders and Time Zones (High Performance Cluster Computing) - ISBN 0-13-924218-X </ref><ref>Garton, C., Wegryn, K. (2006): Managing Without Walls: Maximize Success with Virtual, Global, and Cross - Cultural Teams, MC Press, US, 2006.</ref> Further important aspects are the internationalization and language localization of system components.
Tasks in designing global information systems
Critical tasks in designing global information systems are
- Process and system design: How are the processes between distributed actors organized, how are the systems distributed / integrated.
- Technical architecture: What is the technical infrastructure enabling actors to collaborate?
- Support mechanisms: How are actors in the process of communication, collaboration, and cooperation supported?
A variety of examples can be given. Basically every multi-lingual website can be seen as a global information system. However, mostly the term GLIS is used to refer to a specific system developed or used in a global context.
Examples
Specific examples are
- Systems developed for multinational users, e.g., SAP as a global ERP system
- Global Information Systems for Education: The Global Learning Objects Brokered Exchange
- For the specific case of data integration : http://data.un.org, https://web.archive.org/web/20190825060649/http://www.internettrafficreport.com/, http://www.unhcr.org/statistics.html
More information / courses
- Global Information Systems at the University of Jyväskylä
- Resources on Global Information Technology at AIS World
