Global Innovation Index

Global Innovation Index

Language	English, French, Spanish, Arabic, Chinese, Russian, German, Korean, Portuguese, Japanese
Publication details
History	2007–present
Publisher	World Intellectual Property Organization
Frequency	Annual
License	CC BY 4.0
Standard abbreviations ISO 4 (alt) · Bluebook (alt1 · alt2) NLM (alt) · MathSciNet (alt )
ISO 4	Glob. Innov. Index
Indexing CODEN (alt · alt2) · JSTOR (alt) · LCCN (alt) MIAR · NLM (alt) · Scopus
ISSN	2263-3693
Links
wipo.int/global_innovation_index globalinnovationindex.org

Framework showing the elements of the index

The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). It was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,<ref name="jean" group=""></ref> a British magazine. Until 2021 it was published by WIPO, in partnership with Cornell University, INSEAD and other organisations and institutions.<ref name="matt" group=""></ref><ref name="dbis" group=""></ref> It is based on both subjective and objective data derived from several sources, including the International Telecommunication Union, the World Bank and the World Economic Forum.<ref name="jean" group=""></ref>

History

The index was started in 2007 by INSEAD and World Business,<ref name="jean" group=""></ref> a British magazine. It was created by Soumitra Dutta.<ref>"Academic Network – Portulans Institute". portulansinstitute.org. Retrieved 15 November 2022.</ref>

Methodology

The index is computed by taking a simple average of the scores in two sub-indices, the Innovation Input Index and Innovation Output Index, which are composed of five and two pillars respectively. Each of these pillars describe an attribute of innovation, and comprise up to five indicators, and their score is calculated by the weighted average method.<ref name="index2015" group=""></ref>

Since its inception in 2007, an increasing number of governments systematically analyze their annual GII results and design policy responses to improve their performance.<ref>"Republic Act No. 11293 : The Philippine Innovation Act declares the GII as a measure of innovation". lawphil.net. Retrieved 15 November 2022.</ref><ref>In July 2021, the Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters under the Prime Minister's Office in Japan decided on the Intellectual Property Promotion Plan 2021, setting forth a plan of annual action related to intellectual property for all ministries and agencies. In the first part of the plan, WIPO's GII is cited (p.5):https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/kettei/chizaikeikaku20210713.pdf </ref><ref>The GII is also cited throughout the official Malaysian Government report, the Twelfth Malaysia Plan (RMK12): https://rmke12.epu.gov.my/en.</ref><ref>"Resolution No. 01/NQ-CP on solutions for implementation of socio economic development plan in 2021". LuatVietnam. Retrieved 9 November 2022.</ref><ref>"UK ranked as world-leader in innovation". Department for Business, Innovation & Skills. 17 September 2015. Retrieved 15 July 2016.</ref> The index is mentioned in a resolution on science, technology and innovation for sustainable development adopted on 19 December 2019 by the General Assembly of the United Nations.<ref name="un" group=""></ref>

The index has been criticized for giving excessive significance attributed to factors that aren’t integral to innovation. For instance, “Ease of Paying Taxes“, “Electricity Output“ (half-weightage) and “Ease of Protecting Minority Investors” are factors alongside “Ease of Getting Credit” and “Venture Capital Deals“.<ref>Dašić, Predrag; Dašić, Jovan; Antanasković, Dejan; Pavićević, Nina (2020). "Statistical Analysis and Modeling of Global Innovation Index (GII) of Serbia". In Karabegović, Isak (ed.). New Technologies, Development and Application III. Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. Vol. 128. Cham: Springer International Publishing. pp. 515–521. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-46817-0_59. ISBN 978-3-030-46817-0. S2CID 218917874.</ref>

Themes

Every two years the GII covers a theme related to innovation which goes beyond the innovation rankings. In 2020, the theme was “Who will finance innovation?” shedding light on the state of innovation financing by investigating the evolution of existing mechanisms and pointing to progress and remaining challenges. Previous GII themes covered health innovation, environmental innovation, agricultural and food innovation, and others.<ref>"Publications: Global Innovation Index". Wipo.int. Retrieved 8 May 2022.</ref>

Ranking

Movement in the Global Innovation Index top 10 countries and territories between 2018 and 2022

The top 50 ranking for 2023:<ref>WIPO. "Global Innovation Index 2023, 15th Edition". www.wipo.int. Retrieved 8 November 2023.</ref>

GII rank	Country/Territory	Income group rank	Region	Region rank
1	Switzerland	1	Europe	1
2	Sweden	2	Europe	2
3	United States	3	Northern America	1
4	United Kingdom	4	Europe	3
5	Netherlands	5	Europe	4
6	South Korea	6	East Asia	1
7	Singapore	7	Southeast Asia	2
8	Germany	8	Europe	5
9	Finland	9	Europe	6
10	Denmark	10	Europe	7
11	China	1	East Asia	3
12	France	11	Europe	8
13	Japan	12	East Asia	4
14	Hong Kong	13	East Asia	5
15	Canada	14	Northern America	2
16	Israel	15	Middle East	1
17	Austria	16	Europe	9
18	Estonia	17	Europe	10
19	Luxembourg	18	Europe	11
20	Iceland	19	Europe	12
21	Malta	20	Europe	13
22	Norway	21	Europe	14
23	Ireland	22	Europe	15
24	New Zealand	23	Oceania	6
25	Australia	24	Oceania	7
26	Belgium	25	Europe	16
27	Cyprus	26	Middle east	2
28	Italy	27	Europe	17
29	Spain	38	Europe	18
30	Czech Republic	29	Europe	19
31	United Arab Emirates	30	Middle east	3
32	Portugal	31	Europe	20
33	Slovenia	32	Europe	21
34	Hungary	33	Europe	22
35	Bulgaria	2	Europe	23
36	Malaysia	3	Southeast Asia	8
37	Turkey	4	Middle east	4
38	Poland	34	Europe	24
39	Lithuania	35	Europe	25
40	India	1	South Asia	1
41	Latvia	36	Europe	25
42	Greece	37	Europe	26
43	Thailand	5	Southeast Asia	9
44	Croatia	38	Europe	27
45	Slovakia	6	Europe	1
46	Vietnam	39	Southeast Asia	28
47	Romania	7	Europe	30
48	Saudi Arabia	2	Middle East	1
49	Brazil	4	South America	1
50	Qatar	1	Middle East	2

See also

• International Innovation Index

References

•  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.

Further reading

• Global innovation rankings: The innovation game. The Economist. September 17, 2015.