Half-life of knowledge

The half-life of knowledge or half-life of facts is the amount of time that has to elapse before half of the knowledge or facts in a particular area is superseded or shown to be untrue. These coined terms belong to the field of quantitative analysis of science known as scientometrics.

These ideas of half-life applied to different fields differ from the concept of half-life in physics in that there is no guarantee that the knowledge or facts in areas of study are declining exponentially. It is unclear that there is any way to establish what constitutes "knowledge" in a particular area, as opposed to mere opinion or theory.

An engineering degree went from having a half life of 35 years in ca. 1930 to about 10 years in 1960.<ref name="spectrum.ieee.org">Charette, Robert N. "An Engineering Career: Only a Young Person’s Game?" Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers website https://spectrum.ieee.org/riskfactor/computing/it/an-engineering-career-only-a-young-persons-game</ref>

A Delphi Poll showed that the half life of psychology as measured in 2016 ranged from 3.3 to 19 years depending on the specialty, with an average of a little over 7 years.<ref>Neimeyer, Greg J.; Taylor, Jennifer M.; Rozensky, Ronald H. (2016). "The diminishing durability of knowledge in professional psychology: A Delphi Poll of specialties and proficiencies". APA PsycNet. Retrieved November 18, 2019.</ref>

It has also been used in Christian missiology to increase the effectiveness of their teachings.<ref>Nehrbass, Kenneth (2013-08-02). "The Half-life of Missiological Facts". Missiology: An International Review. 42 (3): 284–294. doi:10.1177/0091829613497872. ISSN 0091-8296. S2CID 146962790.</ref>

Coining

The concept of "half-life of knowledge" is attributed to Fritz Machlup (1962).<ref name="spectrum.ieee.org"/>

See also

• Half-life
• Pessimistic induction
• Scientometrics
• Bibliometrics

Further reading

• Bailey, Ronald (2012). Half of The Facts You Know Are Probably Wrong, a review of Samuel Arbesman's book on Reason.com
• Global Summit 2006: Technology Connected Futures. Connectivism: Learning and Knowledge Today by George Siemens
• Babbage (2012). The Half Life of Facts, The Economist. A Q&A with Samuel Arbesman.
• Machlup, F. (1962). Knowledge production and distribution in the United States. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
• Samuel Arbesman (2012). The Half-life of Facts: Why Everything We Know Has an Expiration Date. Current Hardcover. ISBN 978-1-59184-472-3.
• Farnam Street Media Inc. (2018). https://fs.blog/2018/03/half-life/