National Economic and Technological Development Zones
The National Economic and Technological Development Zones (simplified Chinese: 国家级经济技术开发区; traditional Chinese: 國家級經濟技術開發區; pinyin: Guójiājí Jīngjì Jìshù Kāifā Qū) are the special areas of the People's Republic of China where foreign direct investment is encouraged. They are usually called the "Economic and Technological Development Zones" or simply the "Development Zones".
These national level programs started with the Special Economic Zones for three cities in 1978, as part of China's economic reform, and were extended to the Economic and Technological Development Zones in 14 cities in 1984.
List of zones
In 2006, there are now 49 Development Zones:
- Dalian Development Area
- Haining
- Qinhuangdao
- Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area
- Yantai
- Qingdao
- Nantong
- Lianyungang
- Weihai
- Fuqing Rongqiao
- Tongshan
- Shenyang
- Harbin
- Changchun
- Wuhan
- Wuhu
- Huizhou Dayawan
- Beijing
- Ürümqi
- Hefei
- Zhengzhou
- Xi'an
- Chengdu
- Kunming
- Changsha Economic and Technological Development Zone
- Guiyang
- Nanchang
- Hohhot
- Yinchuan
- Nanjing
- Suzhou Industrial Park
- Shanghai Minhang
- Shanghai Hongqiao
- Shanghai Caohejing Development Zone (Shanghai Metro)
- Shanghai Pudong Lujiazui Financial & Trading Zone
- Shanghai Pudong Waigaiqiao Free-Trade Zone
- Shanghai Pudong Jinqiao Export Manufacturing Zone
- Shanghai Pudong Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park
- Hangzhou
- Hangzhou Xiangshan
- Ningbo
- Ningbo Daxie Island
- Wenzhou
- Fuzhou Mawei District
- Xiamen Haicang District
- Guangzhou
- Guangzhou Nansha
- Zhanjiang
- Hainan Yangpu Economic Development Zone
- Xining
- Taiyuan
- Lasa
- Nanning
- Lanzhou
- Shuyang Shuyang Economic and Technological Development Zone
Provincial Economic Development Zones
There are now many Provincial Economic Development Zones, such as:
- Dalian Changxing Island Seaport Industrial Area (Liaoning)
- Dongying Economic Development Zone (Shandong)
- Yunmeng County Economic Development Zone, Xiaogan, Hubei
- Hanchuan Economic and Technological Development Zone (汉川市经济技术开发区),<ref name="xzqhhc">汉川市历史沿革 [Hanchuan City Historical Development]. XZQH.org.org. 6 August 2014. Retrieved 28 April 2018.
汉川市经济技术开发区7647人，
</ref><ref name="statshc">2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：汉川市 [2016 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Hanchuan City] (in 中文). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 28 April 2018.420984504000 汉川市经济技术开发区
</ref> Xiaogan, Hubei - Jingzhou Economic and Technological Development Zone,<ref name="govjz">城市概况 [City Description] (in 中文（简体）). Jingzhou People's Government. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 11 June 2018.
荆州经济技术开发区
</ref><ref>"荆州市荆州开发区_区划地名网".</ref> Jingzhou, Hubei - Aksu City Economic and Technological Development Zone<ref name="statsaksu">2019年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：阿克苏市 [2019 Statistical Area Numbers and Rural-Urban Area Numbers: Aksu City] (in 中文（简体）). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2019. Retrieved 18 May 2019.
统计用区划代码 名称 {...} 652901408000 经济技术开发区
</ref>
Some of them are as large as the National Economic and Technological Development Zones. There are also the Municipal-Level Economic Development Zones.
See also
- Chinese economic reform
- List of economic and technological development zones in Beijing
- List of economic and technological development zones in Shanghai
- List of technology centers of the world
- Megalopolises in China
- Special economic zone
- Special economic zones of China
References
Further reading
- <https://web.archive.org/web/20161220025544/http://www.ide.go.jp/English/Publish/Periodicals/De/pdf/87_01_05.pdf>
- China Acadmenic Journals Full-text Database <http://www.eastview.com/>
- <http://www.ntpu.edu.tw/econ/files/Journal/20110308170007.pdf>
