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...n, such as [[PDF]], or as an online edition, using a [[web browser]]. Many newspapers have websites while some even have online archives such as ''[[The New York Newspapers can be read on mobile phones either as a [[webpage]], made suitable for the ...

'''Means of communication''' are used by people to communicate and exchange information with each other as an [[Comm ...ten equated with the [[medium (communication)|medium]]. However, the term "medium" is used in [[media studies]] to refer to a large number of concepts, some ...

...he term "[[manuscript]]" referred to anything that was explicitly "written by hand". However, in popular usage and especially in the context of computers There is no concrete data indicating when and by whom were electronic submissions used for the first time. However, research ...

{{for|the medium that carries communications|Transmission medium}} ...es. They can be entrusted only to new artists because they are art forms." By the mid-1960s, the term had spread to general use in North America and the ...

...Many other [[mass media]] outlets have an additional presence on the web, by such means as linking to or running TV ads online, or distributing [[QR cod ...into eight mass media industries: books, the Internet, magazines, movies, newspapers, radio, recordings and television. The explosion of digital communication t ...

...so much defined by its physical infrastructure, but by the content or the medium. [[Jan van Dijk]] suggests that "digitalization means breaking down signals Convergence is defined by Blackman (1998) as a trend in the evolution of technology services and indu ...

...der to further resemble paper books; one such example is the Kindle series by Amazon.]] Electronic paper was first developed in the 1970s by Nick Sheridon at [[Xerox]]'s [[Xerox PARC|Palo Alto Research Center]].<ref> ...

=== By form === ...especially how best, to perform some task), and "knowing of", or knowledge by acquaintance (the knowledge of something's existence). ...

...al process that is not completely random and any observable pattern in any medium can be said to convey some amount of information. Whereas [[digital signal The information available through a collection of data may be derived by analysis. For example, a restaurant collects data from every customer orde ...

The practice of communication by written documents carried by an intermediary from one person or place to another almost certainly dates ...e and man at the interval of a day's journey; and these are stayed neither by snow nor rain nor heat nor darkness from accomplishing their appointed cour ...

* '''Channel''': For Shannon, the channel is "merely the medium used to transmit the signal from transmitter to receiver."<ref name="Shanno ...'': For Shannon, the receiver "performs the inverse operation of that done by the transmitter, reconstructing the message from the signal."<ref name="Sha ...

...''Propagandes''. Knopf, New York. {{ISBN|978-0-394-71874-3}} (1973 edition by Vintage Books, New York).</ref> Garth Jowett and Victoria O'Donnell theoriz ...ned, our minds are molded, our tastes formed, our ideas suggested, largely by men we have never heard of."<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bernays L |first1=Edwar ...

...istorical period]] that began in the mid-20th century. It is characterized by a rapid shift from traditional industries, as established during the [[Indu ...ed Nations Public Administration Network]], the Information Age was formed by capitalizing on [[Miniaturization|computer microminiaturization]] advances, ...

...onist]] [[theory]] that assumes that a society's [[technology]] progresses by following its own internal logic of efficiency, while [[determinism|determi ...], is that technology, by way of its machines, can cause historical change by changing the material conditions of human existence.<ref>{{Cite book|title= ...

...was quickly followed by a different system developed in the United States by [[Samuel Morse]]. The electric telegraph was slower to develop in France du ...onwards. The few remaining telegraph applications were largely taken over by alternatives on the [[internet]] towards the end of the 20th century. ...

...tages of its deployment, Congressman Gore provided intellectual leadership by helping create the vision of the potential benefits of high speed computing ....netvalley.com/cgi-bin/intval/net_history.pl?chapter=1 |date=2016-08-24 }} by Gregory Gromov</ref> ...

A common way to classify communication is by whether information is exchanged between humans, members of other species, ...hers in this field often refine their definition of communicative behavior by including the criteria that observable responses are present and that the p ...

...and communications technology]] supporting government with software built by community-led teams of volunteers, nonprofits, consultants, and private com ...gress of this sector. This graph will enable more opportunities for access by governmental institutions and corporations to discover these innovators and ...

...ts contents (sample postcard and insert shown above) were launched in 1959 by the [[United States Coast and Geodetic Survey]] and were found in 2013.<ref ...sealed in a container (typically a bottle) and released into a conveyance medium (typically a body of water). ...

...], both being part of the phenomenon of [[electromagnetism]], as described by [[Maxwell's equations]]. Common phenomena are related to electricity, inclu ...icity's industrial and residential application by [[electrical engineers]] by the century's end. This rapid expansion in electrical technology at the tim ...